从Windows批处理文件替换文本文件中的字符 [英] Replacing characters in a text file from Windows batch file

问题描述

我正在尝试编写一个批处理文件，该文件将查看一个小文本文件(实际上是CUE表)中的每个字符，并执行三件事-删除所有问号，用连字符替换任何斜杠，然后替换带有两个连字符的冒号-按照下面示例中的第二行.

I'm trying to write a batch file that will look at every character in a small text file (a CUE sheet, actually) and do three things -- remove all question marks, replace any slash marks with a hyphen and replace colons with two hyphens -- as per the second line in the example below.

  TRACK 01 AUDIO
    TITLE "Colon:  Slash / Question Mark?"
(would be changed to)
    TITLE "Colon -- Slash - Question Mark"

我知道如何使用findstr将包含那些字符的行复制到新的文本文件(但仅限那些行)中，而不是如何进行搜索和替换. findstr还具有删除前导空格的不良后果，我希望保留该空格.不知道这里正确的方法是什么. (我应该补充一点，由于种种原因，我宁愿不使用第三方实用程序.)

I know how to use findstr to copy the lines containing those characters to a new text file (but only those lines), and not how to do the search-and-replace. And findstr also has the unwanted consequence of removing leading spaces, which I wish to retain. Not sure what's the right approach here. (I should add that for various reasons I prefer not to use a third-party utility.)

推荐答案

@ECHO OFF
SETLOCAL ENABLEDELAYEDEXPANSION 
SET "sourcedir=U:\sourcedir"
SET "destdir=U:\destdir"
SET "filename1=%sourcedir%\q42482508.txt"
SET "outfile=%destdir%\outfile.txt"
(
FOR /f "usebackqdelims=" %%a IN ("%filename1%") DO (
 SET "line=%%a"
 SET "line=!line:?=!"
 SET "line=!line:/=-!"
 SET "line=!line::=--!"
 ECHO !line!
)
)>"%outfile%"

GOTO :EOF

您需要根据自己的情况更改sourcedir和destdir的设置.

You would need to change the settings of sourcedir and destdir to suit your circumstances.

我使用了一个名为q42482508.txt的文件，其中包含您的数据用于测试.

I used a file named q42482508.txt containing your data for my testing.

产生定义为％outfile％

Produces the file defined as %outfile%

调用延迟扩展以允许在代码块中操作字符串.

Invoke delayed expansion to allow strings to be manipulated in a code block.

从line开始将文件的每一行读取到%%a；将每个?都替换为 ，将/替换为一个-，将:替换为两个，然后将echo替换为结果.

Read each line of the file to %%a thence line; replace each ? with nothing, / with one - and : with two, and echo the result.

将for括住括号可以重定向到指定的文件.

Parenthesising the for allows redirection to the specified file.

模式设置为"var1 =！var2:字符串替换 = 替换字符串！"如记录所示，使用!代替%可以使用延迟扩展.

The pattern is set "var1=!var2:stringtoreplace=replacementstring!" as documented, ! in place of % to use delayedexpansion.

请注意，您的文本将:的替换字符串指定为--，而您的示例显示了它被替换为"空格-"

Note that your text specifies the replacemnt string for : as -- whereas your example shows it being replaced by "Space--"

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