使用str.translate()从DNA到RNA [英] DNA to RNA using str.translate()

问题描述

我正在尝试使用Python将DNA代码转换为RNA代码...

I'm trying to convert the DNA code into RNA code using Python...

我这样写:

print('Digite a sequência DNA a ser transcrita para RNA:')

my_str = raw_input()
print(my_str.replace('T', 'U'))

它有效，但是..现在我需要将 A转换为U ， T转换为A ， G转换为C 和 C到G ...，我研究了如何做到这一点，并且做到了:

And it works, but.. now I need to convert A to U, T to A, G to C and C to G... I looked how I could do it, and did this:

print('Digite a sequência DNA a ser transcrita para RNA:')

my_str = raw_input()


RNA_compliment = {
    ord('A'): 'U', ord('T'): 'A',
    ord('G'): 'C', ord('C'): 'G'}

my_str.translate(RNA_compliment)

但是我得到这个错误:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "rna2.py", line 15, in <module>
    my_str.translate(RNA_compliment)
TypeError: expected a character buffer object

我做错了什么?

推荐答案

python 3:

• str.maketrans 是静态方法，该方法返回可用于 str.translate() 的转换表.
• 如果有两个参数，则它们必须是长度相等的字符串.

python 3:

• str.maketrans is a static method, which returns a translation table usable for str.translate().
• If there are two arguments, they must be strings of equal length.

i, j = "ATGC", "UACG"

tbl = str.maketrans(i, j)

my_str = "GUTC"

print(my_str.translate(tbl))

[out]:
'CUAG'

使用RNA_compliment

• str.maketrans接受一个参数作为字典
• {ord('A'): 'U', ord('T'): 'A', ord('G'): 'C', ord('C'): 'G'}
  不需要
  • ord()

  Using RNA_compliment

  • str.maketrans accepts one argument as a dictionary
  • {ord('A'): 'U', ord('T'): 'A', ord('G'): 'C', ord('C'): 'G'}
    • ord() isn't required

    # dict without ord
    RNA_compliment = {'A': 'U', 'T': 'A', 'G': 'C', 'C': 'G'}
    
    tbl2 = i.maketrans(RNA_compliment)
    
    print(my_str.translate(tbl2))
    
    [out]:
    'CUAG'
    

    python 2:

    • 如果要创建表，请使用 string.maketrans .
    • 对于 python3 ，您只能将ord与dict一起使用，对于 python2 ，不能:

    python 2:

    • If you want to make a table, use string.maketrans.
    • You can only use the ord with a dict for python3, not for python2:

    In [1]: from string import maketrans
    
    In [2]: i, j = "ATGC", "UACG"
    
    In [3]: tbl = maketrans(i,j)
    
    In [4]: my_str = "GUTC"
    
    In [5]:  my_str.translate(tbl)
    Out[5]: 'CUAG'
    

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