使用str()将字节转换为字符串会返回带有语音标记的字符串 [英] Converting bytes to string with str() returns string with speech marks

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问题描述

说我有一个包含字节的变量:

Say I have a variable containing bytes:

>>> a = b'Hello World'

可以通过以下方式验证:

It can be verified with:

>>> type(a)
<class 'bytes'>

现在我尝试使用 str()将a转换为字符串 code>:

Now I try and convert a into a string with str():

>>> b = str(a)

并确保它是字符串:

>>> type(b)
<class 'str'>

现在我尝试打印 b ,但是我得到完全意外的结果:

Now I try and print b but I get a totally unexpected result:

>>> print(b)
b'Hello World'

它返回一个字符串,就像我将期望,但也保留 b (字节符号)和'(引号)。

It returns a string, as I would expect but also it keeps the b (byte symbol) and the ' (quotation marks).

为什么这样做,而不仅仅是在引号之间打印消息?

Why does it do this, and not just print the message between the quotation marks?

推荐答案

不要将 bytes 的值视为某些默认8位编码的字符串。只是二进制数据。这样, str(a)返回一个与编码无关的字符串,以表示字节字符串的值。如果要 Hello World ,请具体说明并解码该值。

Don't think of a bytes value as a string in some default 8-bit encoding. It's just binary data. As such, str(a) returns an encoding-agnostic string to represent the value of the byte string. If you want 'Hello World', be specific and decode the value.

>>> b = a.decode()
>>> type(b)
>>> str
>>> print(b)
Hello World

在Python 2中,字节和文本之间的区别是模糊。 Python 3竭尽全力将两者分开: bytes 用于二进制数据,而 str 用于可读文本。

In Python 2, the distinction between bytes and text was blurred. Python 3 went to great lengths to separate the two: bytes for binary data, and str for readable text.

从另一个角度来说,比较

For another perspective, compare

>>> list("Hello")
['H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o']

>>> list(b"Hello")
[72, 101, 108, 108, 111]

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