如何在标题栏中显示带有下标或上标的文本? [英] How to display text with subscripts or superscripts in the Title Bar?
问题描述
我希望能够在Windows窗体或WPF窗口的标题栏中显示带下标的文本。这样做的原因是简单的。我们的项目团队已经编写了分子编辑器:
I would like to be able to show subscripted text in the Title Bar of a Windows Form or WPF Window. The reason for this is simple. Our project team has written a molecule editor:
我们不仅要显示其名称'ACME',还要显示以下内容:
Instead of just displaying its name, 'ACME', we would like to show something like:
ACME-编辑C 6 H 12 Cl
其中的文本是带下标的(并且可能是上标的)以及控件显示在Windows窗体或WPF主机中。
where the text is subscripted (and possibly superscripted) and whether the control is shown in a Windows Forms or WPF host.
推荐答案
最初的问题是询问如何在窗体的标题中插入RichTextBox。 ,以显示化学式。
当然可以做到:您可以看看 DwmExtendFrameIntoClientArea 和此处的文档:使用DWM的自定义窗口框架和许多 SO问题。
The original question was asking how to insert a RichTextBox in a Form's Caption, to show a chemical formula.
It could be done, of course: you could take a look at DwmExtendFrameIntoClientArea and the Docs here: Custom Window Frame Using DWM and a number of SO questions.
但是,这里看起来有点超调。有一个更简单的选择:利用现有的Unicode SubScript符号(这是Unicode类别)来重现公式。
But it looked like overshooting, here. There's a simpler alternative: make use of the existing Unicode SubScript symbols (it's an Unicode cathegory) to reproduce the formula.
这些是印度阿拉伯数字的基本Subscript和SuperScript Unicode代码点。 :
These are the base Subscript and SuperScript Unicode codepoints of the Hindu-Arabic numerals:
char[] subScriptNumbers = {
'\u2080', '\u2081', '\u2082', '\u2083', '\u2084',
'\u2085', '\u2086', '\u2087', '\u2088', '\u2089'
};
char[] superScriptNumbers = {
'\u2070', '\u00B9', '\u00B2', '\u00B3', '\u2074',
'\u2075', '\u2076', '\u2077', '\u2078', '\u2079'
};
如注释所提示,简单公式为: C6H12Cl
可以转换为 C₆H₁2Cl
,将数字映射到SubScript范围中的相应Unicode值。例如:
As hinted in comments, the simple formula: C6H12Cl
can be transformed to C₆H₁₂Cl
, mapping the numbers to the corresponding Unicode values in the SubScript range. For example:
this.Text = string.Concat("C6H12Cl".Select(c => char.IsDigit(c) ? subScriptNumbers[c-48] : c));
或者,由于SubScript代码点是顺序的(而SuperScript的代码点则不是):
Or, since the SubScript codepoints are sequential (the SuperScript ones are not):
const int subScriptBase = 0x2080;
string chem = "C6H12Cl";
// Or this.Title, in WPF
this.Text = chem.Aggregate(new StringBuilder(), (sb, c) =>
sb.Append(char.IsDigit(c) ? (char)(subScriptBase + c - 48) : c)).ToString();
由于似乎有人感兴趣,我建议使用一个稍微复杂的解析器(使用相同的逻辑),以产生不同种类的公式:
Since it appears that there's someone interested, I'm proposing a slightly more complex parser (which uses the same logic), to produce different kinds of formulas:
此处显示的类可以使用简单的表示法(类似于表示法)转换SubScript / SuperScript数字或字母的序列
The class shown here can convert sequences of SubScript/SuperScript numerals or letters, using a simple notation (similar to the notation of the Markup used by Wikipedia):
SuperScript: [+:symbols] A[+:12] => A¹²
SubScript: [-:symbols] A[-:12] => A₁₂
Fraction: [f:symbols/symbols] A·[f:x/12] => A·ˣ⁄₁₂
例如:
string formula = "N[+:(x+2)] · H[+:3] · γLog[-:e] + δ· [f:n11/x]";
// Or this.Text, in WinForms
this.Title = UniSubSup.Parse(formula);
将打印:
N⁽ˣ⁺²⁾·H³·γLogₑ+δ· ⁿ¹¹⁄ₓ
will print:
N⁽ˣ⁺²⁾·H³·γLogₑ + δ·ⁿ¹¹⁄ₓ
Note1 :
标记包含空格,将被跳过:因此,解析了 [+ :( x + 2)]
,而 [+ :( x + 2)]
不是(如果应该忽略这些括号)。
Note1:
When a markup contains spaces, it's skipped: hence [+:(x+2)]
is parsed, while [+:(x + 2)]
is not (in case these brackets should be ignored).
Note2 :
我没有包括所有字母,因为并非所有字体都支持SubScript和SuperScript类别中的所有代码点。下标 n
( \u2099
),这是比较常见的下标(例如Log n ),在大多数字体类型中不可用(因为sub / superScripting是通过不同的方式生成的。)
有些(很少)字体确实具有这些字形。像 fileformat.info 这样的网站都可以提供这些信息。
Note2:
I did not include all the letters because not all fonts support all the codepoints in the SubScript and SuperScript cathegories. The Subscript n
(\u2099
), which is relatively common (e.g., Logn), is not available in most of font types (since sub/superScripting is generated by different means).
Some (very few) Fonts do have these glyphs. WebSites like fileformat.info can provide these informations.
public class UniSubSup
{
const char joiner = '\u200D';
const char nonJoiner = '\u200C';
const char fraction = '\u2044';
const char solidusShort = '\u0337';
const char solidusLong = '\u0338';
protected internal static Dictionary<string, Func<string, string>> actions =
new Dictionary<string, Func<string, string>>()
{
["-"] = (s) => sub(s),
["+"] = (s) => sup(s),
["f"] = (s) => fract(s),
};
internal static string sub(string s) =>
s.Aggregate(new StringBuilder(), (sb, c) => sb.Append(subScripts[c])).ToString();
internal static string sup(string s) =>
s.Aggregate(new StringBuilder(), (sb, c) => sb.Append(superScripts[c])).ToString();
internal static string fract(string str)
{
var sb = new StringBuilder();
var parts = str.Split('/');
parts[0].Aggregate(sb, (s, c) => sb.Append(superScripts[c]));
sb.Append(fraction);
parts[1].Aggregate(sb, (s, c) => sb.Append(subScripts[c]));
return sb.ToString();
}
static RegexOptions options = RegexOptions.Singleline | RegexOptions.Compiled;
public static string Parse(string input)
{
string pattern = @"\[(\D{1}):(\S\/?\S*?)\]";
var matches = Regex.Matches(input, pattern, options);
StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder(input);
foreach (Match m in matches)
{
result = result.Replace(m.Value, actions[m.Groups[1].Value](m.Groups[2].Value));
}
return result.ToString();
}
internal static Dictionary<char, char> superScripts = new Dictionary<char, char>()
{
['0'] = '\u2070', ['1'] = '\u00B9', ['2'] = '\u00B2', ['3'] = '\u00B3',
['4'] = '\u2074', ['5'] = '\u2075', ['6'] = '\u2076', ['7'] = '\u2077',
['8'] = '\u2078', ['9'] = '\u2079',
['+'] = '\u207A', ['-'] = '\u207B', ['='] = '\u207C',
['('] = '\u207D', [')'] = '\u207E',
['e'] = '\u1D49', ['n'] = '\u207F', ['x'] = '\u02E3'
};
internal static Dictionary<char, char> subScripts = new Dictionary<char, char>()
{
['0'] = '\u2080', ['1'] = '\u2081', ['2'] = '\u2082', ['3'] = '\u2083',
['4'] = '\u2084', ['5'] = '\u2085', ['6'] = '\u2086', ['7'] = '\u2087',
['8'] = '\u2088', ['9'] = '\u2089',
['+'] = '\u208A', ['-'] = '\u208B', ['='] = '\u208C',
['('] = '\u208D', [')'] = '\u208E', ['/'] = '\u2044',
['e'] = '\u2091', ['n'] = '\u2099', ['x'] = '\u2093'
};
}
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