sed：在基本和更新部分下添加exclude = postgres * [英] sed: add exclude=postgres* under base and updates section

问题描述

/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo文件

/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo file

# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the 
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#

[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#released updates 
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0

我要添加

exclude = postgres * [base]部分下的gpgkey行之后使用sed，表达式

exclude = postgres* after gpgkey line under the [base] section using sed, the expression

sed '/^gpgkey/{s/.*/&\nexclude = postgres*/;:a;n;ba}' /etc/yum.repos.d/CetnOS-Base.repo

不更改文件，但出现错误

does not change the file, I get error

sed: -e expression #1, char 16: unterminated `s' command

运行此命令，我是否缺少开关或表达式需要更正？

running this command, am I missing a switch or the expression needs correction?

推荐答案

您似乎正在使用BSD sed。您可以说：

You seem to be using BSD sed. You can say:

sed '/\[base\]/,/gpgkey=/{/gpgkey=/s/$/\'$'\n''exclude = postgres*/;}' filename

在中的 gpgkey = ... 之后添加 exclude = postgres * 行[基本] 部分。

to append the line exclude = postgres* after gpgkey=... in the [base] section.

编辑：解释：

• / \ [base\] /，// gpgkey = / 匹配地址范围，即从包含 [base]的行开始的行直到包含 gpgkey =


• {/ gpgkey = / s / $ / \'$'\n''exclude = postgres * /;} 是一组命令，仅对上面匹配的地址执行

• /\[base\]/,/gpgkey=/ matches an addresses range, i.e. lines starting from the one containing [base] upto the one containing gpgkey=
• {/gpgkey=/s/$/\'$'\n''exclude = postgres*/;} is a group of commands that is executed only for the addresses matched above

破坏 / gpgkey = / s / $ / \'$'\n''exclude = postgres * / ：

• 此操作执行上述替换 s / $ / \'$'\n''排除= postgres * / 匹配 gpgkey = 的行。


• 上述替换匹配 $ ，即en


• 替换是换行符，后跟 exclude = postgres * /


• $'\n'是用于产生换行符的ANSI-C引用语法。由于您似乎未使用GNU sed，因此这是必需的。否则 \n 就足够了，即它可以写为 / gpgkey = / s / $ / \nexclude = postgres * /

• This performs the mentioned substitution s/$/\'$'\n''exclude = postgres*/ on lines that match gpgkey=.
• The above substitution matches $, i.e. the end of line.
• The replacement is a newline followed by exclude = postgres*/
• $'\n' is ANSI-C quoting syntax for producing a newline. Since you didn't seem to be using GNU sed, hence this was required. Else \n would suffice, i.e. it could have been written as /gpgkey=/s/$/\nexclude = postgres*/

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