sed替代空格仅用于特定字符模式之间的破折号 [英] sed substitute whitespace for dash only between specific character patterns

问题描述

我有这样一行：

原始

sometext1 sometext2 word:A12 B34 C56 sometext3 sometext4
sometext5 sometext6 word:A123 B45 C67 sometext7 sometext8
sometext9 sometext10 anotherword:(someword1 someword2 someword3) sometext11 sometext12

已编辑

asdjfkklj lkdsjfic kdiw:A12 B34 C56 lksjdfioe sldkjflkjd
lknal niewoc kdiw:A123 B45 C678 oknes lkwid 
cnqule nkdal anotherword:(kdlklks inlqok mncvmnx) unqieo lksdnf

所需的输出：

asdjfkklj lkdsjfic kdiw:A12-B34-C56 lksjdfioe sldkjflkjd
lknal niewoc kdiw:A123-B45-C678 oknes lkwid 
cnqule nkdal anotherword:(kdlklks-inlqok-mncvmnx) unqieo lksdnf

编辑：这会更明确吗？但是坦率地说，与编写 sometext＃相比，这更难阅读和回答。我不知道人们的喜好。

EDITED: Would this be more explicit? But frankly this is much more difficult to read and answer than writing sometext#. I do not know people's preference.

我只想在字母后面加上一些数字后用破折号代替空格，并在之间用破折号代替空格两个括号之间的单词。一行中没有其他空格。

I only want to replace the whitespaces with dashes after A alphabet letter followed by some digits AND replace the whitespaces with dashes between the words between the two parentheses. And not any other whitespaces in the line. Would appreciate an explanation of the syntax too.

谢谢！

推荐答案

此代码效果很好

darby@Debian:~/Scrivania$ cat test.txt | sed -r 's@\s+([A-Z][0-9]+)@-\1@g' | sed ':l s/\(([^ )]*\)[ ]/\1-/;tl'
asdjfkklj lkdsjfic kdiw:A12-B34-C56 lksjdfioe sldkjflkjd
lknal niewoc kdiw:A123-B45-C678 oknes lkwid 
cnqule nkdal anotherword:(kdlklks-inlqok-mncvmnx) unqieo lksdnf

解释我的正则表达式

在第一个正则表达式中

Options

-r              Enable regex extended

Pattern

\s+             One or more space characters
([A-Z][0-9]+)   Submatch a uppercase letter and one or more digits

Replace

-              Dash character
\1             Previous submatch

Note

The g after delimiters ///g is for global substitution.

在第二个正则表达式中

Pattern

:l             label branched to by t or b
tl             jump to label if any substitution has been made on the pattern space since the most recent reading of input line or execution of command 't'. If label is not specified, then jump to the end of the script. This is a conditional branch
\(([^ )]*\)    match all in round brackets and stop to first space found
[ ]            one space character

Replace

\1             Previous submatch
-              Add a dash

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