Gnuplot，饼图，在左侧放置标签，无法全部看到 [英] Gnuplot, pie chart, placing labels on left, can't see them all

问题描述

我需要使用Gnuplot制作一些饼图。我在SO上使用了在这里找到的代码。我的数据文件如下：

I need to make some pie charts using Gnuplot. I used the code I found here, on SO. My data file looks like this:

Województwo Suma
Dolnośląskie    3.6 
Kujawsko-Pomorskie  7.5
Lubelskie   4.7
Lubuskie    3.3
Łódzkie 8.1
Małopolskie 6.9 
Mazowieckie 12.5
Opolskie    2.6
Podkarpackie    6    
Podlaskie   3.4
Pomorskie   8
Śląskie 14

我的Gnuplot脚本：

And my Gnuplot script:

#!/usr/bin/gnuplot

set encoding utf8 
set datafile separator "\t"
set termoption enhanced

set terminal epscairo enhanced color dashed rounded size 8.5, 5.5
set output '2008-2015procent_pie.eps'

stats '2008-2015procent_pie.csv' u 2 noout      # get STATS_sum (sum of column 2)

ang(x)=x*360.0/STATS_sum        # get angle (grades)
perc(x)=x*100.0/STATS_sum       # get percentage

set size square                 # square canvas
set xrange [-1:1.5]
set yrange [-1.25:1.25]
set style fill solid 1

unset border            # remove axis
unset tics                # remove tics on axis
unset colorbox            # remove palette colorbox 
unset key                 # remove titles

Ai = 0.0; Bi = 0.0;             # init angle
mid = 0.0;                      # mid angle
i = 0; j = 0;                   # color
yi  = 0.0; yi2 = 0.0;           # label position

set palette defined (1 1 0.788 0.055, 2 0.090 0.161 0.659) 

plot for [i=1:STATS_records] '2008-2015procent_pie.csv' u (0):(0):(1):(Ai):(Ai=Ai+ang($2)):(i) every ::i::i with circle linecolor palette,\
     '2008-2015procent_pie.csv' u (mid=(Ai+ang($2)), Ai=2*mid-Ai, mid=mid*pi/360.0, -0.5*cos(mid)):(-0.5*sin(mid)):(sprintf('%.1f\%', $2, perc($2))) ever\
y ::1 w labels center font ',10',\
     for [i=1:STATS_records] '2008-2015procent_pie.csv' u (1.45):(i*0.25):1 every ::i::i with labels left,\
     for [i=1:STATS_records] '+' u (1.3):(i*0.25):(i) pt 5 ps 4 lc palette

此脚本有2个问题：

1. 我看不到所有标签，是否可以通过某种方式移动标签可以看到它们吗？


2. 颜色：在这里，在我的饼图上，我基本上只有两种颜色-黄色和蓝色。如何使它具有多种颜色，不同的颜色代表不同的价值？

我的图表现在看起来像这样：

My chart looks like this now:

谢谢。

-------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------编辑
- -------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------

我改变了有点像@RolandSmith所建议的脚本，我也修改了一点数据文件，现在看起来像这样：

I changed a bit my script, as suggested by @RolandSmith, also, I modified a little my data file, Now it looks like this:

Województwo Suma
Dolnośląskie    3.6 
Kujawsko-Pomorskie  7.5
Lubelskie   4.7
Lubuskie    3.3
Łódzkie 8.1
Małopolskie 6.9 
Mazowieckie 12.5
Opolskie    2.6
Podkarpackie    6    
Podlaskie   3.4
Pomorskie   8
Śląskie 14
Świętokrzyskie  2.8  
Warmińsko-Mazurskie 4    
Wielkopolskie   7.9
Zachodniopomorskie  4.6

修改后的脚本：

#!/usr/bin/gnuplot

set encoding utf8 
set datafile separator "\t"
set termoption enhanced

set terminal epscairo enhanced color dashed rounded size 8.5, 5.5
set output '2008-2015procent_pie.eps'

stats '2008-2015procent_pie.csv' u 2 noout      # get STATS_sum (sum of column 2)

ang(x)=x*360.0/STATS_sum        # get angle (grades)
perc(x)=x*100.0/STATS_sum       # get percentage

set size square                 # square canvas
set xrange [-1:1.5]
set yrange [-1.25:1.25]
set style fill solid 1

unset border            # remove axis
unset tics                # remove tics on axis
unset colorbox            # remove palette colorbox 
unset key                 # remove titles

Ai = 0.0; Bi = 0.0;             # init angle
mid = 0.0;                      # mid angle
i = 0; j = 0;                   # color
yi  = 0.0; yi2 = 0.0;           # label position

set palette rgb 33,13,10;

plot for [i=1:STATS_records] '2008-2015procent_pie.csv' u (0):(0):(1):(Ai):(Ai=Ai+ang($2)):(i) every ::i::i with circle linecolor palette,\
     '2008-2015procent_pie.csv' u (mid=(Ai+ang($2)), Ai=2*mid-Ai, mid=mid*pi/360.0, -0.5*cos(mid)):(-0.5*sin(mid)):(sprintf('%.1f\%', $2, perc($2))) every ::1 w labels center font ',10',\
     for [i=1:STATS_records] '2008-2015procent_pie.csv' u (1.45):(i*0.25)-1.9:1 every ::i::i with labels left,\
     for [i=1:STATS_records] '+' u (1.3):(i*0.25)-1.9:(i) pt 5 ps 4 lc palette

现在问题出在标签上-我仍然看不到它们全部。从CSV文件中可以看到，应该有16个标签。我试图更改页面大小，但没有成功。谢谢您的帮助。

Now the problem is with labels - I still can't see all of them. There should be 16 labels, as you can see from the CSV file. I tried to change the page size, with no success. Thank you for help.

当前饼图：

推荐答案

1. 要向内或向外移动饼图中的标签，请更改 sin 和 cos 前面的 -0.5。要移动标签和颜色方块，请将（i * 0.25）更改为（i * 0.25）-1.2

1. To move the labels in the pie-chart inwards or outwards, change the "-0.5" in front of the sin and cos. To move the labels and the color-squares, change (i*0.25) to (i*0.25)-1.2 in the third and fourth plot.

更新：更改（i * 0.25）例如（i * 0.18）可缩小标签之间的距离。并将 ps 4 更改为 ps 3 缩小正方形。

Update: Change (i*0.25) to e.g. (i*0.18) to make the distance between the labels smaller. And change ps 4 to e.g. ps 3 to make the squares smaller.

定义较大的面板。您当前的只有两个 条目。获得一种颜色最少的颜色。您可以使用 colorbrewer 生成调色板颜色。

Define a larger palete. Your current one only has two entries. Get one with as least as much colors as you have entries. You could use colorbrewer to generate palette colors.

其他一些点。

• 虽然这确实很聪明，但您可能将gnuplot way 超出预期范围。考虑使用其他工具，例如 Python的 matplotlib 。

• While this is really very clever, you're probably pushing gnuplot way beyond what it was intended. Consider using another tool like e.g. Python's matplotlib.

您的数据加起来不是100，而只有80.6。因此，您应该使用 ang 和 perc 函数适当地缩放图形。我不能用手指指着它，但看起来不正确。

Your data doesn't add up to 100, but only to 80.6. So you should scale your figure properly using the ang and perc functions. I can't put my finger on it, but it doesn't look right.

在 sprintf ，您只能使用以下百分比： sprintf（'％。1f\％'，perc（$ 2））

In the sprintf, you should only use the percentage:sprintf('%.1f\%', perc($2))

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