find_package和pkg_search_module有什么区别 [英] what is the difference between find_package and pkg_search_module

问题描述

关于这些命令，我​​现在只能说的是pkg_search_module有一些奇怪的用法，在这里我必须写两次我想要的依赖项。而不是像在find_package中那样只是一次

All I can say about those commands right now is pkg_search_module has some odd usage, where I have to write the dependency that I would like to have two times. instead of just once like in find_package

pkg_search_module(ZLIB REQUIRED zlib)
#seriously two times zlib and once in only capital case‽
find_package(ZLIB)
#much cleaner but for some odd reason find_package does not work all the time

推荐答案

pkg_search_module 使用 pkg-config 工具来确定请求的库的位置。这在已使用 pkg-config 的系统上最有用，因此您无需为CMake复制所有信息。请注意，此方法存在潜在的可移植性问题，因为它需要 pkg-config 才能在构建计算机上正确设置。

pkg_search_module uses the pkg-config tool to determine the location of the requested library. This is mostly useful on systems where pkg-config is already in use, so you do not need to replicate all the information for CMake. Note that this approach has potential portability issues, since it requires pkg-config to be setup correctly on the build machine.

find_package 另一方面是CMake自己解决相同问题的机制。为此，您需要为请求的库使用CMake查找脚本（CMake已随附其中的一些，但您可以轻松地编写自己的）或包配置脚本，由所请求的库本身提供。无论哪种情况，您都可能需要调整 CMAKE_MODULE_PATH 以便CMake能够找到相应的脚本。

find_package on the other hand is CMake's very own mechanism for solving the same problem. For this to work you either need a CMake find script for the requested library (CMake already ships with a couple of those, but you can easily write your own) or alternatively a package config script provided by the requested library itself. In either case you might have to adjust your CMAKE_MODULE_PATH for CMake to be able to find the respective script.

使用哪个选择非常简单：

The choice which one to use is quite simple:

• 如果库提供了，总是喜欢软件包配置脚本。


• 使用查找脚本作为库的后备


• 如果要使用 pkg-config <的协同作用，请使用 pkg_search_module / code>。特别要注意的是，可以使用 pkg_search_module 实现查找脚本，作为获取所需信息的一种方法。



• Always prefer package config scripts, if provided by the library.
• Use find scripts as a fallback for libraries that are not aware of CMake.
• Use pkg_search_module if you want to exploit synergies with pkg-config. In particular, note that it is possible to implement a find script using pkg_search_module as one method of obtaining the required information.

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