可编码/可解码应使用字符串解码数组 [英] Codable/Decodable should decode Array with Strings

问题描述

为什么数组名称不能解码？

Why is the names Array not decoding?

为操场做准备，简单地将其粘贴到操场上

Prepared for Playground, Simple paste this into your playground

import Foundation

struct Country : Decodable {

    enum CodingKeys : String, CodingKey {
        case names
    }

    var names : [String]?
}

extension Country {
    public init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
        let values = try decoder.container(keyedBy: CodingKeys.self)
        names = try values.decode([String]?.self, forKey: .names)!
    }
}

let json = """
 [{
    "names":
      [
       "Andorre",
       "Andorra",
       "アンドラ"
      ]
 },{
    "names":
      [
       "United Arab Emirates",
       "Vereinigte Arabische Emirate",
       "Émirats Arabes Unis",
       "Emiratos Árabes Unidos",
       "アラブ首長国連邦",
       "Verenigde Arabische Emiraten"
      ]
  }]
""".data(using: .utf8)!

let decoder = JSONDecoder()
do {
    let countries = try decoder.decode([Country].self, from: json)
    countries.forEach { print($0) }
} catch {
    print("error")
}

推荐答案

您已将名称定义为可选属性>国家。
如果您的意图是该密钥可能不存在于JSON
中，请使用 decodeIfPresent ：

You have defined names as an optional property of Country. If your intention is that this key may not be present in the JSON then use decodeIfPresent:

extension Country {
    public init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
        let values = try decoder.container(keyedBy: CodingKeys.self)
        names = try values.decodeIfPresent([String].self, forKey: .names)
    }
}

如果容器没有与键相关联的值，或者该值为null，则此方法返回 nil 。

This method returns nil if the container does not have a value associated with key, or if the value is null.

但是实际上您可以省略自定义的 init（来自解码器：解码器）
实现（以及枚举CodingKeys ），因为这是默认行为，将自动合成
。

But actually you can just omit your custom init(from decoder: Decoder) implementation (and the enum CodingKeys), because that is the default behaviour and will be synthesized automatically.

备注：在任何 catch 子句中都定义了一个隐式变量 error ，所以
是这样

Remark: An implicit variable error is defined in any catch clause, so

} catch {
    print(error.localizedDescription)
}

可能比 print（ error）更具信息性（尽管在这种情况下不是
）。

can be more informative than just a print("error") (although not in this particular case).

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