在C＃中测试/注入私有字段有什么好的做法 [英] What are the good practice to test/inject private field in C#

问题描述

如果这是重复的话，我表示歉意。我被赋予为该方法添加一些覆盖率的任务，并被告知模拟私有 List< string> 属性。我的问题是：有没有一种方法可以测试私有字段？

My apologies if this a duplicate. I have been given the task to add some coverage for the method and been told to mock the private List<string> property. My question is: Is there a way to test private fields?

我找到的解决方案是添加新的构造函数以注入此私有列表。我不确定这是否是正确的方法，因此将不胜感激。

The solution I found is adding new constructor just to inject this private list. I am not sure whether this is the right way, so any help will be highly appreciated.

public class Class1
{
    public Class1(List<string> list)//This is just for Unit Testing 
    {
        list1 = list;
    }


    private readonly InjectRepository _repository;
    //
    public Class1(InjectRepository repository)//This is the actual constructor
    {
        _repository = repository;
    }

    private List<string> list1 = new List<string>();

    public void Do_Complex_Logic()
    {
       //list1 will be set with items in it
       //Now list1 is passed to some other instance
    }
}

推荐答案

a的私有逻辑该类应该在其行为的公开表达中可见。换句话说，从理论上讲，根本不需要测试私有字段。

The private logic of a class should be visible in the public expression of its behavior. In other words, the theory goes, there should be no need to test private fields at all.

无法直接测试私有字段；他们毕竟是私人的。如果您真的认为需要测试一个私有字段，那么我建议您将其设置为内部字段，然后通过 [InternalsVisibleTo] 属性。

There is no way to directly test private fields; they are private after all. If you really think that testing a private field is required, then I would suggest making it internal instead, and exposing it to your unit testing assemblies via the [InternalsVisibleTo] attribute.

可以这么说，有些框架可以允许这样的东西，例如 TypeMock 。

That being said, there are frameworks that allow such things, such as TypeMock.

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