TCL中用于解析参数的程序包 [英] package for parsing argument in TCL

问题描述

有人知道tcl可以轻松解析输入参数的标准软件包吗？还是准备好了？ （我只有3个标志，但一般情况更可取。）。

Does anyone know a standard package for tcl to easily parse the input arguments ? or a ready proc ? ( I have only 3 flags but something general is preferable ).

推荐答案

文档包含一个示例。这是一个简单的示例：

The documentation includes an example. Here is a simple example:

package require cmdline

set parameters {
    {server.arg ""   "Which server to search"}
    {debug           "Turn on debugging, default=off"}
}

set usage "- A simple script to demo cmdline parsing"
array set options [cmdline::getoptions ::argv $parameters $usage]
parray options

示例运行：

$ tclsh simple.tcl 
options(debug)  = 0
options(server) = 

$ tclsh simple.tcl -server google.com
options(debug)  = 0
options(server) = google.com

$ tclsh simple.tcl -server google.com -debug
options(debug)  = 1
options(server) = google.com

$ tclsh simple.tcl -help
simple - A simple script to demo cmdline parsing
 -server value        Which server to search <>
 -debug               Turn on debugging, default=off
 -help                Print this message
 -?                   Print this message

    while executing
"error [usage $optlist $usage]"
    (procedure "cmdline::getoptions" line 15)
    invoked from within
"cmdline::getoptions ::argv $parameters $usage"
    invoked from within
"array set options [cmdline::getoptions ::argv $parameters $usage]"
    (file "simple.tcl" line 11)

讨论

• 与大多数Linux实用程序不同，TCL在命令行选项中使用单破折号代替双破折号


• 当标志以 .arg结尾时，则该标志要求后面跟随一个参数，例如 server.arg


• 调试标志不以 .arg 结尾，因此它不需要任何参数


• 用户通过列表列表定义命令行参数。每个子列表包含2或3个部分：
  
  
  
  
  • 标志（例如 debug ）
  
  
  • 仅当参数接受参数（标志以 .arg 结尾）时，默认值（例如0）。
  
  
  • 帮助消息
  
  

  Discussion

  • Unlike most Linux utilities, TCL uses single dash instead of double dashes for command-line options
  • When a flags ends with .arg, then that flag expects an argument to follow, such as in the case of server.arg
  • The debug flag does not end with .arg, therefore it does not expect any argument
  • The user defines the command-line parameters by a list of lists. Each sub-list contains 2 or 3 parts:
    • The flag (e.g. debug)
    • The default value (e.g. 0), only if the parameter takes an argument (flag ends with .arg).
    • And the help message

    我一直在考虑用户调用帮助时的消息输出（请参阅上面运行的最后一个示例）。要解决此问题，您需要自己捕获错误：

    I have been thinking about the message output when the user invoke help (see the last sample run above). To get around that, you need to trap the error yourself:

    set usage "- A simple script to demo cmdline parsing"
    if {[catch {array set options [cmdline::getoptions ::argv $parameters $usage]}]} {
        puts [cmdline::usage $parameters $usage]
    } else {
        parray options
    }
    

    示例运行2：

    $ tclsh simple.tcl -?
    simple - A simple script to demo cmdline parsing
     -server value        Which server to search <>
     -debug               Turn on debugging, default=off
     -help                Print this message
     -?                   Print this message
    

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