路由处理器是软件还是硬件？ [英] Is routing processor a software or hardware?

问题描述

我正在阅读计算机网络：自上而下的方法中的网络层。它说，

I am reading Network Layer in 'Computer Networking: A top-down approach'. It says,

数据平面以纳秒级为单位运行，并以硬件实现。
而路由器的控制功能以毫秒或秒为单位。这些控制平面功能通过软件实现，并在路由处理器（通常是传统的CPU）上执行。

Data plane operates at the nanosecond time scale and is implemented in hardware. Whereas router's control functions operate at the millisecond or second timescale. These control plane functions are implemented in software and execute on the routing processor (typically a traditional CPU).

现在我的问题关于路由处理器。路由处理器（或传统CPU）是硬件还是软件？

Now my question is about routing processor. Is routing processor (or traditional CPU) a hardware or software?

推荐答案

这是从传统遗留系统（硬件）转移的重点）在新环境中虚拟地在软件上实现网络功能。您可以开始阅读此之类的文章。主要概念是电信运营商不仅要提高用户体验质量（QoE），而且要提高运营成本。购买用于特定网络功能的网络设备的成本要比将该网络功能转移到虚拟设备的成本高得多。该功能现在已在软件中实现。

This is the point of moving from traditional legacy systems (hardware) on new enviroment implementing network functions virtually on software. You can start reading article like this. The main concept is that telecommunication operator want not only to improve Quality of user Experince (QoE) but also operational costs. Buying a network device for specific network function costs much more than moving this network function to dummy device. The function is implmented now on software.

关于路由过程，我们意识到它是在SDN而不是NFV上引用的。在其他层上扩展了相同的逻辑。 SDN依赖于l2和l3，而NFV则依赖于其他层。

Regarding routing process we realize that it is refered on SDN and not on NFV. The same logic is expanded on the other layers. SDN relies on l2 and l3 while NFV on the other layers.

因此，尽管在特定硬件中实现路由器比在软件中实现更快，但电信运营商的成本却更低（请参阅CAPEX）。克服上述延迟而转向SDN和NFV环境的另一个好处是，虚拟硬件将在数据中心上转移，以避免网络延迟。因此，所有网络功能（例如DNS，路由，防火墙等）都将在数据中心上转移，以减少时间和成本。因此，用户将拥有更好的QoE，电信运营商将拥有更好的投资回报率（RoI）-CAPEX。

So, despite the fact that implementig a router in specific hardware the is faster than implementig it in software, telecommunication operator has fewer costs (read about CAPEX). Another benefit moving to SDN and NFV enviroment that overcomes the above delay is that the "dummy" hardware will be moved on data centers in order to avoid networking delays. So, all the network functions such as DNS, routing, firewall etc will be transferd on data centers to reduce time and costs. So, user will have better QoE and telecommunication operator much better Return of Investment (RoI) - CAPEX.

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