将Cookie加载到Python请求会话中时出错 [英] Error when loading cookies into a Python request session

问题描述

我正在尝试从硒导出的cookie中将cookie加载到Python中的我的请求会话中，但是当我这样做时，它返回以下错误：
list对象没有属性'extract_cookies'

I am trying to load cookies into my request session in Python from selenium exported cookies, however when I do it returns the following error: "'list' object has no attribute 'extract_cookies'"

def load_cookies(filename):
    with open(filename, 'rb') as f:
        return pickle.load(f)

initial_state= requests.Session()
initial_state.cookies=load_cookies(time_cookie_file)
search_requests = initial_state.get(search_url)

在所有我看到的地方都可以使用，但是我的cookie是字典列表，这就是我理解的所有cookie，以及为什么要假设这适用于硒。但是由于某种原因它不能用于请求，这方面的任何帮助都将非常有用，感觉我似乎缺少了一些明显的东西！

Everywhere I see this should work, however my cookies are a list of dictionaries, which is what I understand all cookies are, and why I assume this works with Selenium. However for some reason it does not work with requests, any and all help in this regard would be really great, it feels like I am missing something obvious!

Cookies使用以下命令从Selenium中转储：

Cookies have been dumped from Selenium using:

with open("Filepath.pkl", 'wb') as f:
    pickle.dump(driver.get_cookies(), f)

Cookie的示例为（略有混淆）：

An example of the cookies would be (slightly obfuscated):

[{'domain': '.website.com',
  'expiry': 1640787949,
  'httpOnly': False,
  'name': '_ga',
  'path': '/',
  'secure': False,
  'value': 'GA1.2.1111111111.1111111111'},
 {'domain': 'website.com',
  'expiry': 1585488346,
  'httpOnly': False,
  'name': '__pnahc',
  'path': '/',
  'secure': False,
  'value': '0'}]

我现在已经按照以下答案成功加载了cookie，但是看起来cookie并没有正确加载什么都不记得了，但是，如果我在浏览Selenium时加载cookie，它们会正常工作。

I have now managed to load in the cookies as per the answer below, however it does not seem like the cookies are loaded in properly as they do not remember anything, however if I load the cookies in when browsing through Selenium they work fine.

推荐答案

Cookie

Cookie HTTP请求标头包含存储的 HTTP cookie 先前由服务器使用 Set-Cookie 标头发送。 HTTP cookie 是服务器发送的一小部分数据到用户的Web浏览器。浏览器可能会存储 cookies ，并将其与下一个请求一起发送回同一服务器。通常， cookies 的问题，以判断两个请求是否来自

Cookie

The Cookie HTTP request header contains stored HTTP cookie previously sent by the server with the Set-Cookie header. A HTTP cookie is a small piece of data that a server sends to the user's web browser. The browser may store the cookies and send it back with the next request to the same server. Typically, cookies to tell if two requests came from the same browser, keeping the user logged in.

使用 Selenium 演示Cookie的用法>我们已使用 pickle 的Cookie，已登录网站 http://demo.guru99.com/test/cookie/selenium_aut。 php 。下一步，我们打开了相同的网站，添加了cookie，并能够以登录用户的身份登陆。

To demonstrate the usage of cookies using Selenium we have stored the cookies using pickle once the user had logged into the website http://demo.guru99.com/test/cookie/selenium_aut.php. In the next step, we opened the same website, adding the cookies and was able to land as a logged in user.

• 用于存储cookie的代码块：

• Code Block to store the cookies:

from selenium import webdriver
import pickle

options = webdriver.ChromeOptions() 
options.add_argument("start-maximized")
options.add_experimental_option("excludeSwitches", ["enable-automation"])
options.add_experimental_option('useAutomationExtension', False)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options, executable_path=r'C:\Utility\BrowserDrivers\chromedriver.exe')
driver.get('http://demo.guru99.com/test/cookie/selenium_aut.php')
driver.find_element_by_name("username").send_keys("abc123")
driver.find_element_by_name("password").send_keys("123xyz")
driver.find_element_by_name("submit").click()
pickle.dump( driver.get_cookies() , open("cookies.pkl","wb"))

代码块以使用存储的cookie r自动认证：

Code Block to use the stored cookies for automatic authentication:

from selenium import webdriver
import pickle

options = webdriver.ChromeOptions() 
options.add_argument("start-maximized")
options.add_experimental_option("excludeSwitches", ["enable-automation"])
options.add_experimental_option('useAutomationExtension', False)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options, executable_path=r'C:\Utility\BrowserDrivers\chromedriver.exe')
driver.get('http://demo.guru99.com/test/cookie/selenium_aut.php')
cookies = pickle.load(open("cookies.pkl", "rb"))
for cookie in cookies:
    driver.add_cookie(cookie)
driver.get('http://demo.guru99.com/test/cookie/selenium_cookie.php')

使用 session 和<一个小时ef = / questions / tagged / requests class = post-tag title =显示标记了'requests' rel = tag>请求的问题，我们已经访问了网站 https://www.google.com ，添加了新的Cookie字典：

To demonstrate usage of cookies using session and requests we have accessed the site https://www.google.com, added a new dictionary of cookies:

{'name':'my_own_cookie','value': 'debanjan' ,'domain':'.stackoverflow.com'}

接下来，我们使用相同的 requests 会话发送另一个成功的请求，如下所示：

Next, we have used the same requests session to send another request which was successful as follows:

• 代码块：

• Code Block:

import requests

s1 = requests.session()
s1.get('https://www.google.com')
print("Original Cookies")
print(s1.cookies)
print("==========")
cookie = {'name':'my_own_cookie','value': 'debanjan' ,'domain':'.stackoverflow.com'}
s1.cookies.update(cookie)
print("After new Cookie added")
print(s1.cookies)

控制台输出：

Console Output:

Original Cookies
<RequestsCookieJar[<Cookie 1P_JAR=2020-01-21-14 for .google.com/>, <Cookie NID=196=NvZMMRzKeV6VI1xEqjgbzJ4r_3WCeWWjitKhllxwXUwQcXZHIMRNz_BPo6ujQduYCJMOJgChTQmXSs6yKX7lxcfusbrBMVBN_qLxLIEah5iSBlkdBxotbwfaFHMd-z5E540x02-YZtCm-rAIx-MRCJeFGK2E_EKdZaxTw-StRYg for .google.com/>]>
==========
After new Cookie added
<RequestsCookieJar[<Cookie domain=.stackoverflow.com for />, <Cookie name=my_own_cookie for />, <Cookie value=debanjan for />, <Cookie 1P_JAR=2020-01-21-14 for .google.com/>, <Cookie NID=196=NvZMMRzKeV6VI1xEqjgbzJ4r_3WCeWWjitKhllxwXUwQcXZHIMRNz_BPo6ujQduYCJMOJgChTQmXSs6yKX7lxcfusbrBMVBN_qLxLIEah5iSBlkdBxotbwfaFHMd-z5E540x02-YZtCm-rAIx-MRCJeFGK2E_EKdZaxTw-StRYg for .google.com/>]>

很明显，新添加的cookie字典 {'name'：'my_own_cookie'，'value'：'debanjan'，' domain'：'。stackoverflow.com'} 在第二个请求中已大量使用。

Clearly, the newly added dictionary of cookies {'name':'my_own_cookie','value': 'debanjan' ,'domain':'.stackoverflow.com'} is pretty much in use within the second request.

现在，如果您的用例是将Selenium Cookies传递给Python请求，则可以使用以下解决方案：

Now, if your usecase is to passing Selenium Cookies to Python Requests, you can use the following solution:

from selenium import webdriver
import pickle
import requests

options = webdriver.ChromeOptions() 
options.add_argument("start-maximized")
options.add_experimental_option("excludeSwitches", ["enable-automation"])
options.add_experimental_option('useAutomationExtension', False)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options, executable_path=r'C:\Utility\BrowserDrivers\chromedriver.exe')
driver.get('http://demo.guru99.com/test/cookie/selenium_aut.php')
driver.find_element_by_name("username").send_keys("abc123")
driver.find_element_by_name("password").send_keys("123xyz")
driver.find_element_by_name("submit").click()

# Storing cookies through Selenium
pickle.dump( driver.get_cookies() , open("cookies.pkl","wb"))
driver.quit()

# Passing cookies to Session
session = requests.session()  # or an existing session
with open('cookies.pkl', 'rb') as f:
    session.cookies.update(pickle.load(f))
search_requests = session.get('https://www.google.com/')
print(session.cookies)

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