如何计算Pandas中列的成对相关的p值？ [英] How to calculate p-values for pairwise correlation of columns in Pandas?

问题描述

Pandas具有非常方便的功能，可以使用 pd.corr（）。
这意味着可以比较任何长度的列之间的相关性。例如：

Pandas has the very handy function to do pairwise correlation of columns using pd.corr(). That means it is possible to compare correlations between columns of any length. For instance:

df = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randint(0,100,size=(100, 10)))

     0   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9
0    9  17  55  32   7  97  61  47  48  46
1    8  83  87  56  17  96  81   8  87   0
2   60  29   8  68  56  63  81   5  24  52
3   42  76   6  75   7  59  19  17   3  63
...

现在可以使用 df.corr（method ='pearson'）来测试所有10列之间的相关性：

Now it is possible to test correlation between all 10 columns with df.corr(method='pearson'):

      0         1         2         3         4         5         6         7         8         9
0  1.000000  0.082789 -0.094096 -0.086091  0.163091  0.013210  0.167204 -0.002514  0.097481  0.091020
1  0.082789  1.000000  0.027158 -0.080073  0.056364 -0.050978 -0.018428 -0.014099 -0.135125 -0.043797
2 -0.094096  0.027158  1.000000 -0.102975  0.101597 -0.036270  0.202929  0.085181  0.093723 -0.055824
3 -0.086091 -0.080073 -0.102975  1.000000 -0.149465  0.033130 -0.020929  0.183301 -0.003853 -0.062889
4  0.163091  0.056364  0.101597 -0.149465  1.000000 -0.007567 -0.017212 -0.086300  0.177247 -0.008612
5  0.013210 -0.050978 -0.036270  0.033130 -0.007567  1.000000 -0.080148 -0.080915 -0.004612  0.243713
6  0.167204 -0.018428  0.202929 -0.020929 -0.017212 -0.080148  1.000000  0.135348  0.070330  0.008170
7 -0.002514 -0.014099  0.085181  0.183301 -0.086300 -0.080915  0.135348  1.000000 -0.114413 -0.111642
8  0.097481 -0.135125  0.093723 -0.003853  0.177247 -0.004612  0.070330 -0.114413  1.000000 -0.153564
9  0.091020 -0.043797 -0.055824 -0.062889 -0.008612  0.243713  0.008170 -0.111642 -0.153564  1.000000

是否有一种简单的方法也可以获取相应的p值（理想情况下是熊猫），因为它返回了例如由scipy的 kendalltau（）？

Is there a simple way to also get the corresponding p-values (ideally in pandas), as it is returned e.g. by scipy's kendalltau()?

推荐答案

可能只是循环。基本上，熊猫在源代码中所做的就是生成相关矩阵：

Probably just loop. It's basically what pandas does in the source code to generate the correlation matrix anyway:

import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
from scipy import stats

df_corr = pd.DataFrame() # Correlation matrix
df_p = pd.DataFrame()  # Matrix of p-values
for x in df.columns:
    for y in df.columns:
        corr = stats.pearsonr(df[x], df[y])
        df_corr.loc[x,y] = corr[0]
        df_p.loc[x,y] = corr[1]

---

如果您想利用对称的事实，那么只需要对其中一半进行计算，就可以做到：

---

If you want to leverage the fact that this is symmetric, so you only need to calculate this for roughly half of them, then do:

mat = df.values.T
K = len(df.columns)
correl = np.empty((K,K), dtype=float)
p_vals = np.empty((K,K), dtype=float)

for i, ac in enumerate(mat):
    for j, bc in enumerate(mat):
        if i > j:
            continue
        else:
            corr = stats.pearsonr(ac, bc)
            #corr = stats.kendalltau(ac, bc)

        correl[i,j] = corr[0]
        correl[j,i] = corr[0]
        p_vals[i,j] = corr[1]
        p_vals[j,i] = corr[1]

df_p = pd.DataFrame(p_vals)
df_corr = pd.DataFrame(correl)
#pd.concat([df_corr, df_p], keys=['corr', 'p_val'])

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