python程序以MMDDYYY格式重命名具有当前日期的文件，并发送带有附件的电子邮件 [英] python program to rename the file with current date in MMDDYYY format and send email with attachment

问题描述

下面是发送带有附件的电子邮件的程序：

Below is the program to send email with attachment:

我想重命名文件 student.xlsx 到 student_MMDDYYYY.xlsx 并发送带有重命名文件的电子邮件，发送电子邮件后，我要删除该文件。我该怎么办？

I want to rename the file student.xlsx to student_MMDDYYYY.xlsx and send email with renamed file and after email is sent I want to delete that file. How can I do that?

这是我的代码：

import smtplib
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.base import MIMEBase
from email import encoders
fromaddr = "MYEMAILID"
toaddr = "TOADDRESS" 
msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg['From'] = fromaddr
msg['To'] = toaddr
msg['Subject'] = "Please find the attachment"
body = "HI" 
msg.attach(MIMEText(body, 'plain')) 
filename = "student.xlsx"
dt = str(datetime.datetime.now())
attachment = open("C:\\Users\\prashanth\\Desktop\\student.xlsx", "rb")
part = MIMEBase('application', 'octet-stream')
part.set_payload((attachment).read())
encoders.encode_base64(part)
part.add_header('Content-Disposition', "attachment; filename= %s" % filename) 
msg.attach(part) 
server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com', 587)
server.starttls()
server.login(fromaddr, "Password")
text = msg.as_string()
server.sendmail(fromaddr, toaddr, text)
server.quit()

推荐答案

您可以使用 os.rename（）重命名文件，然后 os.remove（）删除文件。要获得所需的日期格式，可以使用 strftime（），例如：

You can use os.rename() to rename a file, and os.remove() to remove a file. And to get the desired date format you can use strftime(), for example:

import os
from datetime import datetime
date_now = datetime.now().strftime('%m%d%Y')
file_one = "C:\\Users\\prashanth\\Desktop\\student.xlsx"
file_two = 'C:\\Users\\prashanth\\Desktop\\student_{}.xlsx'.format(date_now)
os.rename(file_one, file_two)
# send your email and attach the file
# and once you're done:
os.remove(file_two)

编辑：

您需要先 close（）文件，然后重命名或删除它，或者最好使用 with-statement 打开文件。文件并在完成后自动将其关闭，例如：

You need to close() the file before renaming or removing it, or better yet use with-statement to open the file and auto close it when you're done, for example:

attachment = open(file, "rb")
part = MIMEBase('application', 'octet-stream')
part.set_payload((attachment).read())
attachment.close()

或

with open(file, "rb") as attachment:
    part = MIMEBase('application', 'octet-stream')
    part.set_payload((attachment).read())

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