如何避免始终将字节解码为字符串？ [英] How to avoid decoding bytes to string all the time?

问题描述

在我的项目中，有些包将值作为字节返回。是否需要设置一些配置或环境变量，所以我不需要再将字节解码为字符串了吗？如果是这样，那是什么？

There are some packages that returns values as bytes in my project. There is some configuration or environment variable to set so I don't need to decode bytes to string ever again? And if so, what is it?

推荐答案

默认情况下，Python 2可以完成您想要的事情。

Python 2 by default can do what you want.

但是让我建议：这不是人们真正想要的，这就是Python 3不会自动执行此操作的原因。

But let me advise: this is NOT what one really wants and that's why Python 3 does not do that automatically.

将字节转换为str，您需要知道字节的编码：

To convert bytes to str, you need to know the coding of the bytes:

s = b.decode（coding）

要将str转换为字节，您还需要知道所需的编码：

To convert str to bytes, you also need to know the desired coding:

b = s.encode（coding）

Python 2假定编码=='ASCII'，因此适用于英语/普通ASCII文本，但提出了

Python 2 assumed coding == 'ASCII' and thus worked for english / plain ASCII texts, but raised exceptions at runtime for everything else.

因此，您要做的是：

• 确定是将某些内容处理为文本（在这种情况下，使用str）还是二进制（然后保留字节）


• 尽早解码（在加载后接收字节）


• 处理为str


• 后期编码（保存之前，发送字节）

• decide whether something should be processed as text (in that case you use str) or as binary (then you keep bytes)
• decode early (after loading, receiving the bytes)
• process as str
• encode late (before saving, sending the bytes)

现在utf-8编码最为流行，因此，如果您没有其他要求，请使用它。

Nowadays utf-8 encoding is the most popular, so use that if you have no other requirements.

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