当装饰器机制为类时,类成员上的Python装饰器失败 [英] Python decorators on class members fail when decorator mechanism is a class
问题描述
在创建用于类方法的装饰器时,当装饰器机制是类而不是函数/闭包时,我会遇到麻烦。使用类形式时,我的装饰器不会被视为绑定方法。
When creating decorators for use on class methods, I'm having trouble when the decorator mechanism is a class rather than a function/closure. When the class form is used, my decorator doesn't get treated as a bound method.
通常,我更喜欢将函数形式用于装饰器,但在这种情况下,我必须使用现有的类来实现所需的东西。
Generally I prefer to use the function form for decorators but in this case I have to use an existing class to implement what I need.
这似乎与 python-decorator-makes-function-forget-它属于一个类,但是为什么它对于该函数形式却很好?
This seems as though it might be related to python-decorator-makes-function-forget-that-it-belongs-to-a-class but why does it work just fine for the function form?
这是我可以用来显示所有情况的最简单示例。对不起,代码量:
Here is the simplest example I could make to show all goings on. Sorry about the amount of code:
def decorator1(dec_param):
def decorator(function):
print 'decorator1 decoratoring:', function
def wrapper(*args):
print 'wrapper(%s) dec_param=%s' % (args, dec_param)
function(*args)
return wrapper
return decorator
class WrapperClass(object):
def __init__(self, function, dec_param):
print 'WrapperClass.__init__ function=%s dec_param=%s' % (function, dec_param)
self.function = function
self.dec_param = dec_param
def __call__(self, *args):
print 'WrapperClass.__call__(%s, %s) dec_param=%s' % (self, args, self.dec_param)
self.function(*args)
def decorator2(dec_param):
def decorator(function):
print 'decorator2 decoratoring:', function
return WrapperClass(function, dec_param)
return decorator
class Test(object):
@decorator1(dec_param=123)
def member1(self, value=1):
print 'Test.member1(%s, %s)' % (self, value)
@decorator2(dec_param=456)
def member2(self, value=2):
print 'Test.member2(%s, %s)' % (self, value)
@decorator1(dec_param=123)
def free1(value=1):
print 'free1(%s)' % (value)
@decorator2(dec_param=456)
def free2(value=2):
print 'free2(%s)' % (value)
test = Test()
print '\n====member1===='
test.member1(11)
print '\n====member2===='
test.member2(22)
print '\n====free1===='
free1(11)
print '\n====free2===='
free2(22)
输出:
decorator1 decoratoring: <function member1 at 0x3aba30>
decorator2 decoratoring: <function member2 at 0x3ab8b0>
WrapperClass.__init__ function=<function member2 at 0x3ab8b0> dec_param=456
decorator1 decoratoring: <function free1 at 0x3ab9f0>
decorator2 decoratoring: <function free2 at 0x3ab970>
WrapperClass.__init__ function=<function free2 at 0x3ab970> dec_param=456
====member1====
wrapper((<__main__.Test object at 0x3af5f0>, 11)) dec_param=123
Test.member1(<__main__.Test object at 0x3af5f0>, 11)
====member2====
WrapperClass.__call__(<__main__.WrapperClass object at 0x3af590>, (22,)) dec_param=456
Test.member2(22, 2) <<<- Badness HERE!
====free1====
wrapper((11,)) dec_param=123
free1(11)
====free2====
WrapperClass.__call__(<__main__.WrapperClass object at 0x3af630>, (22,)) dec_param=456
free2(22)
推荐答案
您的 WrapperClass
必须是一个描述符(就像一个函数一样!),即提供适当的特殊方法 __ get __
和 __ set __
。 此操作指南教了您所有有关此事的知识!-)
Your WrapperClass
needs to be a descriptor (just like a function is!), i.e., supply appropriate special methods __get__
and __set__
. This how-to guide teaches all you need to know about that!-)
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