使用Delphi Indy HTTP组件上载带有表单数据的文件 [英] Upload file with form data using Delphi Indy HTTP component
问题描述
我想使用Indy在Delphi中复制这部分Python代码：
I want to replicate this part of Python code in Delphi using Indy:
postdata = {'data': '{"data":{"xMode":0,"overrideOS":1,"messageId":"","vmProfileList":"11","submitType":"0","url":""},"filePriorityQ":"run_now" }'}
file_up = {'amas_filename':open('/home/samples/temp/vtest32.exe','r')}
file_upload_req=requests.post(url,postdata,files=file_up,headers=headers,verify=False)
我这样尝试过：
Params.AddFormField('data', '{"data":{"xMode": '+ xMode +',"analyzeAgain":1,"overrideOS":1,' +
'"vmProfileList":"' + DBProfileID.Value + '","submitType":0,"url":""}}');
Params.AddFile('amas_filename', DBTestFilePath.Value, GetMIMEType(DBTestFilePath.Value));
Params.Position := 0;
HTTP1.Request.ContentType := 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded';
JSON := HTTP1.Post(URL, Params);
但是它给我一个HTTP错误 HTTP / 1.0 400 Bad Request，并且网络服务器说 Bad Request 检查输入数据和有效负载大小。我知道数据大小足够小。
but it gives me a HTTP error "HTTP/1.0 400 Bad Request" and webserver says "Bad Request. Check input data and payload size". I know the data size is small enough.
这是客户端的请求和服务器的响应：
This is the request from client and response from the server:
客户端说
POST /php/fileupload.php HTTP/1.0
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=--------031317093926335
Content-Length: 248815
VE-SDK-API: <<APIKEYWasHere>>
Host: Server_IP
Accept: application/vnd.ve.v1.0+json
Accept-Encoding: identity
User-Agent: Mozilla/3.0 - NBL
Cookie: PHPSESSID=<<Cookie_Was_Here>>
----------031317093926335
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="data"
Content-Type: text/plain
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
{"data":{"xMode": 0,"analyzeAgain":1,"overrideOS":1,"vmProfileList":"2=
4","submitType":0,"url":""},"filePriorityQ":"run_now"}
----------031317093926335
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="amas_filename"; filename="Process.exe"
Content-Type: application/x-msdownload
Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary
MZP
<<FileDataWasHere>>
服务器服务说
HTTP/1.0 400 Bad Request
X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff
X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff
Cache-Control: no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, private,max-age=0
Cache-Control: no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, private,max-age=0
Pragma: no-cache
Pragma: no-cache
Expires: Sat, 26 Jul 1997 05:00:00 GMT
Content-type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Length: 89
Connection: close
Date: Mon, 13 Mar 2017 06:39:19 GMT
Server: Server FIPS
{"success":false,"errorMessage":"Bad Request. Check input data and payload size(<=200M)"}
我的代码有什么问题？
PS：我以前没有用表格数据上传文件。
PS: I have not done a file upload with form data before.
推荐答案
下次您与他人的API交互时遇到问题时，您应该指出该API的实际含义，这样人们就有机会查找它的文档以查看是否有任何缺失或错误。在这种情况下，您似乎正在使用 McAfee Advanced Threat Defense API 。
Next time you have trouble interacting with someone else's API, you should indicate what that API actually is so people have a chance to look up its documentation to see if anything is missing or wrong. In this case, you appear to be using the McAfee Advanced Threat Defense API.
在您显示的HTTP请求中，有几件事对我很突出：
A few things that stand out to me in your shown HTTP request:
-
HTTP1.Request.ContentType：='application / x-www-form-urlencoded';
这是完全错误的。正确的内容类型是 multipart / form-data 。但是， TIdHTTP 在发布 TIdMultipartFormDataStream 时会为您处理此问题，因此您无需为 Request.ContentType 属性， TIdHTTP 只会覆盖它。但这并不能改变您的代码中仍然存在错误的事实。
This is just plain wrong. The correct content type is multipart/form-data instead. However, TIdHTTP handles this for you when posting a TIdMultipartFormDataStream, so you don't need to assign a value to the Request.ContentType property at all, TIdHTTP will just overwrite it. But that does not change the fact that there is a bug in your code nonetheless.
Accept-Encoding：identity
这向我表明您使用的是Indy的旧版本。您应该考虑升级到最新版本。 TIdHTTP 不再在 Accept-Encoding 请求中发送身份标头，除非 TIdHTTP.Request.AcceptEncoding 属性包含其他值，在这里不是这种情况。某些服务器在请求中明确声明 Accept-Encoding：identity 时遇到麻烦，这就是为什么默认不再发送它的原因。
This indicates to me that you are using an older version of Indy. You should consider upgrading to a more recent version. TIdHTTP no longer sends identity in the Accept-Encoding request header unless the TIdHTTP.Request.AcceptEncoding property contains other values, which is not the case here. Some servers have trouble handling Accept-Encoding: identity when explicitly stated in a request, which is why it is no longer sent by default.
内容类型：文本/纯文本
您的JSON字段应包含 content-Type 的 application / json ，甚至 application / vnd.ve.v1 .0 + json 在此API中。除非另有说明，否则默认值为 text / plain 。 AddFormField（）为此具有一个 AContentType 参数。 Web服务器可能对此值敏感。 JSON通常也使用UTF-8编码，因此您也应该指出这一点。 AddFormField（）为此具有一个 ACharset 参数。
Your JSON field should have a Content-Type of application/json, or maybe even application/vnd.ve.v1.0+json in this API. The default is text/plain when not specified otherwise. AddFormField() has an AContentType parameter for this purpose. The web server might be sensitive to that value. JSON is also typically encoded using UTF-8, so you should indicate that as well. AddFormField() has an ACharset parameter for that purpose.
Content-Transfer-Encoding：quoted-printable
您的JSON字符串使用 quoted-printable ，通常适用于MIME中的文本内容，但是并非所有Web服务器都可以处理Webform提交中的内容，因此可能不适用于非 text /...媒体类型，例如JSON。 AddFormField（）返回 TIdFormDataField 对象。要禁用QP编码，可以将 TIdFormDataField.ContentTransfer 属性设置为 8bit 或二进制。
Your JSON string is being encoded using quoted-printable, which is normally fine for textual content in MIME, however not all web servers handle that in webform submissions, and it may not be appropriate for non-text/... media types, like JSON. AddFormField() returns a TIdFormDataField object. To disable the QP encoding, you can set the TIdFormDataField.ContentTransfer property to either 8bit or binary.
话虽这么说，请尝试以下类似操作：
That being said, try something more like this:
Params.AddFormField('data', '{"data":{"xMode": ' + xMode + ',"analyzeAgain":1,"overrideOS":1,' +
'"vmProfileList":"' + DBProfileID.Value + '","submitType":0,"url":""}}',
'utf-8',
'application/json'
).ContentTransfer := '8bit';
// using GetMIMEType() to specify the ContentType is redundant as
// AddFile() already does that internally for you using Indy's own
// GetMIMETypeFromFile() function...
Params.AddFile('amas_filename', DBTestFilePath.Value);
JSON := HTTP1.Post(URL, Params);
如果仍然无法解决问题，建议您直接与McAfee联系以获得进一步的帮助。
If that still does not work for you, I suggest you contact McAfee directly for further help.
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