在Python中，什么是在单元测试期间禁用某些代码的好模式？ [英] In Python, what's a good pattern for disabling certain code during unit tests?

问题描述

通常，我想禁用尽可能少的代码，并且我希望它是明确的：我不希望被测试的代码确定它是否是测试，我希望测试告诉该代码嘿，顺便说一句，我正在运行一个单元测试，请您不要打电话给solr，而是可以在这个位置粘贴您要发送给solr的内容，以便我检查。我有我的想法，但我不喜欢其中的任何一个，我希望有一种很好的pythonic方法来做到这一点。

In general I want to disable as little code as possible, and I want it to be explicit: I don't want the code being tested to decide whether it's a test or not, I want the test to tell that code "hey, BTW, I'm running a unit test, can you please not make your call to solr, instead can you please stick what you would send to solr in this spot so I can check it". I have my ideas but I don't like any of them, I am hoping that there's a good pythonic way to do this.

推荐答案

在单元测试中使用Michael Foord的模拟
可以做到这一点：

Use Michael Foord's Mock in your unit test do this:

from mock import Mock

class Person(object):
    def __init__(self, name):
        super(Person, self).__init__()
        self.name = name

    def say(self, str):
        print "%s says \"%s\"" % (self.name, str)


...

#In your unit test....
#create the class as normal
person = Person("Bob")
#now mock all of person's methods/attributes
person = Mock(spec=person)
#talkto is some function you are testing
talkTo(person)
#make sure the Person class's say method was called
self.assertTrue(person.say.called, "Person wasn't asked to talk")

#make sure the person said "Hello"
args = ("Hello")
keywargs = {}
self.assertEquals(person.say.call_args, (args, keywargs), "Person did not say hello")

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