在一个Django视图中合并两种形式 [英] Combining two forms in one Django view

问题描述

我正在努力为官方Django教程中制作的民意调查应用程序添加更多功能。我正在做的一件事是使登录的用户可以创建民意测验/选择（而不是在管理屏幕中，该教程将留给我们）。

I am working on adding more functionality to the polls app that is made in the official Django tutorial. One of the things I am working on is making Polls/Choices creatable by logged in users (instead of in an admin screen, where the tutorial leaves us).

我是试图创建一个视图，用户可以在其中创建一个民意测验，然后还包括一些与该民意测验相关联的选择。 Django Admin自动执行此操作，我不确定如何在视图中写出来。

I am looking to create a view where a user can create the a Poll, and then as well include some Choices to associate to the Poll. The Django Admin automagically does it, and I am not sure how to go about writing this out in a view.

首先，这些是与我相关的文件：

To start with, these are my relevant files:

models.py

models.py

import datetime

from django.db import models
from django.utils import timezone


class Poll(models.Model):
    question_text = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    pub_date = models.DateTimeField('date published')

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.question_text

    def was_published_recently(self):
        return self.pub_date >= timezone.now() - datetime.timedelta(days=1)

    was_published_recently.admin_order_field = 'pub_date'
    was_published_recently.boolean = True
    was_published_recently.short_description = 'Published recently?'

class Choice(models.Model):
    question = models.ForeignKey(Poll)
    choice_text = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    votes = models.IntegerField(default=0)

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.choice_text

forms.py

from django import forms
from .models import Poll, Choice
from datetime import datetime

class PollForm(forms.ModelForm):
    question_text = forms.CharField(max_length=200, help_text="Please enter the question.")
    pub_date = forms.DateTimeField(widget=forms.HiddenInput(), initial = datetime.now())

    class Meta:
        model = Poll
        fields = ("__all__")

class ChoiceForm(forms.ModelForm):
    choice_text = forms.CharField(max_length=200, help_text="Please enter choices.")
    votes = forms.IntegerField(widget=forms.HiddenInput(),initial=0)
    exclude = ('poll',)

views.py

def add_poll(request):
    # A HTTP POST?
    if request.method == 'POST':
        form = PollForm(request.POST)

        # Have we been provided with a valid form?
        if form.is_valid():
            # Save the new category to the database.
            form.save(commit=True)

            # Now call the index() view.
            # The user will be shown the homepage.
            return render(request, 'polls/index.html', {})
        else:
            # The supplied form contained errors - just print them to the terminal.
            print form.errors
    else:
        # If the request was not a POST, display the form to enter details.
        form = PollForm()

    # Bad form (or form details), no form supplied...
    # Render the form with error messages (if any).
    return render(request, 'polls/add_poll.html', {'form': form})

当前，我的视图允许用户添加投票。我只是不确定如何修改它，以将输入的文本作为Poll模型的question_text传递给Choice模型，然后传递给ChoiceForm。

Currently, my view allows me a user to add a poll. I am just not sure how to go about adapting it to pass the entered text as the Poll model's question_text, to the Choice model, and in turn, the ChoiceForm.

任何

干杯，
Paul

Cheers, Paul

推荐答案

表单集是在Django中实现此目的的方法。

Formsets are the way to do it in django.

首先为 Poll.pub_date 字段添加默认值值：

class Poll(models.Model):
    question_text = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    pub_date = models.DateTimeField('date published', default=timezone.now)

然后制作表格稍微简单一点：

Then make forms a bit simpler:

class PollForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = Poll
        fields = ('question_text', )

class ChoiceForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = Choice
        fields = ('choice_text',)

向您的视图添加表单集支持：

Add formset support to your view:

from django.forms.formsets import formset_factory

def add_poll(request):
    ChoiceFormSet = formset_factory(ChoiceForm, extra=3,
                                    min_num=2, validate_min=True)
    if request.method == 'POST':
        form = PollForm(request.POST)
        formset = ChoiceFormSet(request.POST)
        if all([form.is_valid(), formset.is_valid()]):
            poll = form.save()
            for inline_form in formset:
                if inline_form.cleaned_data:
                    choice = inline_form.save(commit=False)
                    choice.question = poll
                    choice.save()
            return render(request, 'polls/index.html', {})
    else:
        form = PollForm()
        formset = ChoiceFormSet()

    return render(request, 'polls/add_poll.html', {'form': form,
                                                   'formset': formset})

最后是您的模板：

<form method="post">

    {% csrf_token %}

    <table>
        {{ form }}
        {{ formset }}
    </table>

    <button>Add</button>

</form>

这篇关于在一个Django视图中合并两种形式的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！