在Django REST Framework中代替主键发送不同的字段 [英] Instead of Primary Key Send Different Field in Django REST Framework

问题描述

serializers.py

class MovieSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    class Meta:
        model = Movie
        fields = [
            'popularity',
            'director',
            'genre',
            'imdb_score',
            'name',
        ]  

views.py

class MovieList(generics.ListCreateAPIView):
    queryset = Movie.objects.all().order_by('-id')[:10]
    serializer_class = MovieSerializer
    permission_classes = (IsAuthenticated,)

    def list(self, request):
        queryset = self.get_queryset()
        serializer = MovieSerializer(queryset, many=True)
        return Response(serializer.data)

    def post(self, request, format=None):
        data = request.data
        if isinstance(data, list):
            serializer = self.get_serializer(data=request.data, many=True)
        else:
            serializer = self.get_serializer(data=request.data)
        if serializer.is_valid():
            serializer.save()
            return Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
        return Response(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

我发送这样的数据，它可以正常工作。

I send my data like this and it works correctly.

{
   "popularity": 83.0,
   "director": "Victor Fleming",
   "genre": [
      1,
      2,
      3,
      4
   ],
   "imdb_score": 8.3,
   "name": "The Wizard of Oz"
}

但是我想发送如下数据：

But I want to send the data somewhat like this:

{
   "popularity": 83.0,
   "director": "Victor Fleming",
   "genre": [
      "Adventure",
      "Family",
      "Fantasy",
      "Musical"
   ],
   "imdb_score": 8.3,
   "name": "The Wizard of Oz"
}

请参阅流派列表-我将发送 name 而不是主键。

See the Genre List - Instead of Primary Key I am sending name.

这些是我的模型：

class Genre(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=30, unique=True)  # make unique

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

class Movie(models.Model):
    popularity = models.FloatField(max_length=10)
    director = models.CharField(max_length=30)
    genre = models.ManyToManyField(Genre)
    imdb_score = models.FloatField(max_length=10)
    name = models.CharField(max_length=30)

即使我在列出数据或获取数据时也应发送流派名称而不是ID。我尝试使用 StringRelatedField ，但这给了我错误。

Even when I am listing data or getting the data it should send genre name instead of id. I tried to use StringRelatedField, but it gave me error.

NotImplementedError / api / movie /
必须实现StringRelatedField.to_internal_value（）。

NotImplementedError at /api/movie/ StringRelatedField.to_internal_value() must be implemented.

推荐答案

如下重写序列化程序的 create（） 方法，

Override the create() method of the serializer as below,

class MovieSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    genre = serializers.ListSerializer(child=serializers.CharField())

    class Meta:
        model = Movie
        fields = [
            'popularity',
            'director',
            'genre',
            'imdb_score',
            'name',
        ]

    def create(self, validated_data):
        genre = validated_data.pop('genre',[])
        movie = super().create(validated_data)
        genre_qs = Genre.objects.filter(name__in=genre)
        movie.genre.add(*genre_qs)
        return movie

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