Django rest框架一对一关系 [英] Django rest framework one to one relation

问题描述

所以我有以下模型：

class A(models.Model):
  name = models.CharField()
  age = models.SmallIntergerField()

class B(models.Model):
  a = models.OneToOneField(A)
  salary = model.IntergerField()

现在，我想为其中两个创建一个休止点，因为它们是一对一的。因此，我想作为get

Now I want to create one rest end point for there two as they are one to one. So I want following as get

{
  url: 'http://localhost/customs/1/',
  name: 'abc',
  age: 24,
  salary: 10000
}

Similary，我也想创建记录并更新。请让我知道如何在django rest框架3中实现此目标。

Similary, I want to create records and update as well. Please let me know how can I achieve this in django rest framework 3.

推荐答案

我刚刚遇到了相同的问题，实际上有助于使响应结构与基础模型结构的联系减少。这是我的看法：

I just encountered the same problem, it would indeed be useful to make the response structure less tied to the underlying model structure. Here's my take :

序列化器字段具有 source 参数，该参数可以

Serializer fields have a source parameter, which can take dotted names to traverse attributes.

class ABSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    class Meta:
        model = A
        fields = ['name', 'age', 'salary']

    salary = serializer.IntegerField(source='b.salary') # this is your related_name

文字...不被正式支持

验证的数据将显示一个嵌套结构，而标准的create和update方法将阻止尝试将数据dict分配给OneToOneField。
好​​消息是您可以通过覆盖创建和更新方法。这是一个带有update的示例：

Writing is ... not officially supported

Validated data will show a nested structure, and the standard create and update methods will choke trying to assign a data dict to a OneToOneField. The good news is that you can work around it by overriding create and update methods. Here's an example with update :

class ABSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    class Meta:
        model = A
        fields = ['name', 'age', 'salary']
        related_fields = ['b']

    salary = serializer.IntegerField(source='b.salary') # this is your related_name

    def update(self, instance, validated_data):
        # Handle related objects
        for related_obj_name in self.Meta.related_fields:

            # Validated data will show the nested structure
            data = validated_data.pop(related_obj_name)
            related_instance = getattr(instance, related_obj_name)

            # Same as default update implementation
            for attr_name, value in data.items():
                setattr(related_instance, attr_name, value)
            related_instance.save()
        return super(ABSerializer,self).update(instance, validated_data)

当然，此示例非常简单，不执行任何异常处理，并赢得了不能与更深层嵌套的对象一起使用...但是您知道了。

Of course, this example is very simplistic, doesn't do any exception handling, and won't work with more deeply nested objects... but you get the idea.

您还可以创建具有Seri​​alizerMethodField的读写样式，它将同时考虑getter和setter，但最终可能会

You could also create a read-write flavor of SerializerMethodField, which would consider both a getter and a setter, however that would probably end up being far more verbose in the end.

希望有帮助！

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