如何使用Django REST Framework的APIRequestFactory生成文件上传（测试）请求？ [英] How to generate a file upload (test) request with Django REST Framework's APIRequestFactory?

问题描述

我已经开发了一个API（Python 3.5，Django 1.10，DRF 3.4.2），当我从用户界面请求视频文件时，该视频文件会上传到我的媒体路径中。那部分工作正常。我尝试为此功能编写测试，但无法使其成功运行。

I have developed an API (Python 3.5, Django 1.10, DRF 3.4.2) that uploads a video file to my media path when I request it from my UI. That part is working fine. I try to write a test for this feature but cannot get it to run successfully.

#views.py

import os
from rest_framework import views, parsers, response
from django.conf import settings


class FileUploadView(views.APIView):
    parser_classes = (parsers.FileUploadParser,)
    def put(self, request, filename):
        file = request.data['file']
        handle_uploaded_file(file, filename)
        return response.Response(status=204)

def handle_uploaded_file(file, filename):
    dir_name = settings.MEDIA_ROOT + '/scene/' + filename + '/cam1'
    new_filename = 'orig.mp4'
    if not os.path.exists(dir_name):
        os.makedirs(dir_name)
    file_path = os.path.join(dir_name, new_filename)
    with open(file_path, 'wb+') as destination:
        for chunk in file.chunks():
            destination.write(chunk)

和

#test.py

import tempfile
import os
from django.test import TestCase
from django.conf import settings
from django.core.files import File
from django.core.files.uploadedfile import SimpleUploadedFile
from rest_framework.test import APIRequestFactory
from myapp.views import FileUploadView


class UploadVideoTestCase(TestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        settings.MEDIA_ROOT = tempfile.mkdtemp(suffix=None, prefix=None, dir=None)

    def test_video_uploaded(self):
        """Video uploaded"""
        filename = 'vid'
        file = File(open('media/testfiles/vid.mp4', 'rb'))
        uploaded_file = SimpleUploadedFile(filename, file.read(), 'video')
        factory = APIRequestFactory()
        request = factory.put('file_upload/'+filename,
            {'file': uploaded_file}, format='multipart')
        view = FileUploadView.as_view()
        response = view(request, filename)
        print(response)

        dir_name = settings.MEDIA_ROOT + '/scene/' + filename + '/cam1'
        new_filename = 'orig.mp4'
        file_path = os.path.join(dir_name, new_filename)
        self.assertTrue(os.path.exists(file_path))

在此测试中，我需要使用现有的视频文件（ media / testfiles / vid.mp4）并上传它，因为我需要在之后的视频数据：这就是为什么我使用 mkdtemp 重置 MEDIA_ROOT 的原因。

In this test, I need to use an existing video file ('media/testfiles/vid.mp4') and upload it since I need to test some processings on the video data after: that's why I reset the MEDIA_ROOT using mkdtemp.

由于文件未上传，因此测试失败。当我打印请求 views.py 的 def中放置 $ c>我得到< rest_framework.request.Request对象位于0x10f25f048> ，当我打印 request.data 时，什么都没得到。但是，如果我在视图中删除 FileUploadParser 并使用 request = factory.put（'file_upload /'+ filename，{'filename'：filename} ，在我的测试中为format = multipart），我得到< QueryDict：{'filename'：['vid']}> 当我打印 request.data 。

The test fails since the file is not uploaded. In the def put of my views.py, when I print request I get <rest_framework.request.Request object at 0x10f25f048> and when I print request.data I get nothing. But if I remove the FileUploadParser in my view and use request = factory.put('file_upload/' + filename, {'filename': filename}, format="multipart") in my test, I get <QueryDict: {'filename': ['vid']}> when I print request.data.

所以我的结论是我用 APIRequestFactory 不正确。 FileUploadParser 无法从其中检索原始文件。

So my conclusion is that the request I generate with APIRequestFactory is incorrect. The FileUploadParseris not able to retrieve the raw file from it.

因此，我的问题是：如何使用Django REST Framework的APIRequestFactory生成文件上传（测试）请求？

几个人在SO上提出了与此问题类似的问题，但我没有成功

Several people have asked questions close to this one on SO but I had no success with the proposed answers.

在此问题上的任何帮助将不胜感激！

Any help on that matter will be much appreciated!

推荐答案

现在可以了！从APIRequestFactory切换到APIClient，我设法运行了我的测试。

It's alright now! Switching from APIRequestFactory to APIClient, I managed to have my test running.

我的新test.py：

My new test.py:

import os
import tempfile
from django.conf import settings
from django.core.files import File
from django.core.files.uploadedfile import SimpleUploadedFile
from django.urls import reverse
from rest_framework.test import APITestCase, APIClient
from django.contrib.auth.models import User

class UploadVideoTestCase(APITestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        settings.MEDIA_ROOT = tempfile.mkdtemp()
        User.objects.create_user('michel')

    def test_video_uploaded(self):
        """Video uploaded"""
        filename = 'vid'
        file = File(open('media/testfiles/vid.mp4', 'rb'))
        uploaded_file = SimpleUploadedFile(filename, file.read(),
            content_type='multipart/form-data')
        client = APIClient()
        user = User.objects.get(username='michel')
        client.force_authenticate(user=user)
        url = reverse('file_upload:upload_view', kwargs={'filename': filename})
        client.put(url, {'file': uploaded_file}, format='multipart')
        dir_name = settings.MEDIA_ROOT + '/scene/' + filename + '/cam1'
        new_filename = 'orig.mp4'
        file_path = os.path.join(dir_name, new_filename)
        self.assertTrue(os.path.exists(file_path))

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