Windows 8上安装的Docker卷无法正常工作 [英] Docker volumes mounting on Windows 8 is not working

问题描述

上下文

我想在Windows 8上运行Docker Compose应用程序。我在Ubuntu 16.04下制作了它，并且可以完美运行。

此Docker Compose运行：

• nginx


• php-fpm

两个容器使用卷。

文件

我的 .env 文件：

  COMPOSE_CONVERT_WINDOWS_PATHS = 1 
 APPLICATION_PATH = // C / Users / my_user / Documents / Development / my_application 
  

我的 docker-compose.yml 文件：

 版本： 2 
 
服务：
网站：
构建：../ application-web / 
端口：
- 80:80  
 tty：true 
＃添加一个卷以链接主机上和容器内的php代码
卷：
-$ {APPLICATION_PATH}：/ usr / share / nginx / html / application 
-$ {APPLICATION_PATH} / docker_files / docker-assistant：/ usr / share / ng inx / html / assistant 
＃添加主机名以允许开发人员调用特殊的url来打开站点
 extra_hosts：
- localhost：127.0.0.1 
- assistant.docker： 127.0.0.1 
- application.dev:127.0.0.1 
depends_on：
-自定义php 
链接：
-自定义php：custom-php 
 
自定义php：
构建：../ application-php / 
端口：
- 50:50 
数量：
-$ {APPLICATION_PATH}：/ usr / share / nginx / html / application 
-$ {APPLICATION_PATH} / docker_files / docker-assistant：/ usr / share / nginx / html / assistant 
  

问题

当我运行 docker-compose ，一切顺利。容器启动。
但是当我尝试在网络浏览器中访问

打开默认值虚拟机的配置，然后转到共享文件夹

修改或创建新的共享单击右边的按钮打开文件夹。将选项设置为：

• C：\


• C


• 自动挂载


• 永久配置

然后验证。

4。激活共享

关闭默认值虚拟机，然后重新启动它。

5。设置路径

e.G。如果您有 .env 文件：

  COMPOSE_CONVERT_WINDOWS_PATHS = 1 
 APPLICATION_PATH = // C / path_from_C_to_the_folder_you_want_to_share_on_the_volume 
  

/！\ you 需要 将 COMPOSE_CONVERT_WINDOWS_PATHS 设置为1！

6。在Docker快速入门终端中启动您的撰写

转到Docker Compose文件夹，然后启动它：

  cd / path_to_your_compose_folder 
 docker-compose up 
  

---

我为什么要这样做？

Docker技术依赖Linux名称空间。没有Linux，它将无法正常工作。为了允许在Windows上使用Docker，Docker需要安装Linux虚拟机。所有容器都将在其中运行。

code> default 虚拟机现已创建并在Virtualbox中运行，这就是为什么必须使用Virtualbox共享文件夹的原因。

共享后，默认虚拟机将在其中安装一个带有自定义名称的文件夹（在上面例如，它是 C ，但它可能是 elephant 或其他）。

最后，Docker会将卷从 default 虚拟机装载到容器：您必须使用名称卷声明中的默认计算机共享文件夹（在上面的示例中，它是 C ，但可能是大象或其他）。

Context

I want to run a Docker Compose application on a Windows 8. I made it under a Ubuntu 16.04 and it's perfectly working on it.

This Docker Compose run:

• nginx
• php-fpm

The two containers use volumes.

Files

My .env file:

COMPOSE_CONVERT_WINDOWS_PATHS=1
APPLICATION_PATH=//C/Users/my_user/Documents/Development/my_application

My docker-compose.yml file:

version: '2'

services:
  web:
    build: ../application-web/
    ports:
     - "80:80"
    tty: true
    # Add a volume to link php code on the host and inside the container
    volumes:
     - ${APPLICATION_PATH}:/usr/share/nginx/html/application
     - ${APPLICATION_PATH}/docker_files/docker-assistant:/usr/share/nginx/html/assistant
    # Add hostnames to allow devs to call special url to open sites
    extra_hosts:
     - "localhost:127.0.0.1"
     - "assistant.docker:127.0.0.1"
     - "application.dev:127.0.0.1"
    depends_on:
     - custom-php
    links:
     - custom-php:custom-php

  custom-php:
    build: ../application-php/
    ports:
     - "50:50"
    volumes:
     - ${APPLICATION_PATH}:/usr/share/nginx/html/application
     - ${APPLICATION_PATH}/docker_files/docker-assistant:/usr/share/nginx/html/assistant

Problem

When I run docker-compose up, everything goes well. Containers start. But when I try to reach http://192.168.99.100 in my web browser, I got a 403 error.

My investigations show that there is no mounted volumes in the nginx and the php containers:

docker exec -it compose_web_1 bash
ls -la /usr/share/nginx/html/assistant/

shows

drwxr.xr.x 2 root root   80 May 18 15:30 .
drwxr.xr.x 2 root root 4096 May 18 16:10 ..

It seems that Docker cannot mount volumes. Why?

Other information

• I am using the Docker Toolbox: https://www.docker.com/products/docker-toolbox
• I know that's the good IP address because when I try to reach it in my web browser, I see my nginx container displaying logs.
• The environment variable APPLICATION_PATH set as //C:/Users/my_user/Documents/Development/my_application cannot work because Docker use the ":" character as separator for volume declaration:

  ERROR: Volume //C:/Users/my_user/Documents/Development/my_application://C:/Users/my_user/Documents/Development/my_application has incorrect format, should be external:internal[:mode]

• It's not a nginx problem because when I create an index.phtml file in the folder, I am able to run it:

  <?php
  echo 'Hello world!';
  

解决方案

Ok, I finally did it!

TL;DR

Follow those instructions to be able to access C:\ inside your containers.

1. Install the Docker Toolbox

Go get it here: https://www.docker.com/products/docker-toolbox

Install it.

2. Run a Hello world

Open a Docker Quickstart Terminal.

Run in it:

docker run hello-world

3. Share C:\ with Docker

Open Virtualbox

Open configuration of the default virtual machine and go to shared folders

Modify or create a new shared folder by clicking on buttons to the right. Set options to:

• C:\
• C
• Auto mount
• Permanent configuration

Then validate.

4. Activate sharing

Shutdown the default virtual machine then restart it.

5. Set your paths

e.G. if you have a .env file:

COMPOSE_CONVERT_WINDOWS_PATHS=1
APPLICATION_PATH=//C/path_from_C_to_the_folder_you_want_to_share_on_the_volume

/!\ you need to set COMPOSE_CONVERT_WINDOWS_PATHS to 1!

6. Start your Compose

In the Docker Quickstart Terminal:

Go to your Docker Compose folder, then start it:

cd /path_to_your_compose_folder
docker-compose up

---

Why have I to do that? It's so complicated!

The Docker technology rely on Linux namespaces. Without Linux, it can't work. To allow use of Docker on a Windows, Docker needs to install a Linux virtual machine. All the containers will run inside it.

The default virtual machine is now created and running within Virtualbox, that's why you have to share your folders using Virtualbox.

After sharing, the default virtual machine will have a mounted folder in it with a custom name (in the above example, it's C but it could be elephant or whatever).

Finally, Docker will mount volumes from the default virtual machine to the container: you have to use the name of the default machine shared folder in your volume declaration (in the above example, it's C but it could be elephant or whatever).

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