在Docker容器中自定义RStudio环境 [英] Customizing RStudio environment in Docker container
问题描述
我在Windows 10 Pro的Docker容器中使用RStudio。
我使用RStudio rocker / rstudio 从 https://hub.docker.com/u/rocker/ 。
I use RStudio in Docker container in Windows 10 Pro.
I use RStudio rocker/rstudio image pulled from https://hub.docker.com/u/rocker/.
要启动容器，我执行了命令：
To start container I executed command:
docker run -d -p 8787:8787 -v //c/Users/<My name>/Documents/R/Rprojects:/home/rstudio/ rocker/rstudio
然后我可以通过以下链接从浏览器访问服务器：
http：// localhost：8787 / 。一切正常。
And then I can access the server from my browser by following link: http://localhost:8787/. Everything works fine.
我要做的是对RStudio环境进行一些自定义。特别是，我将工具 /全局选项 /编辑器主题更改为暗色上的粉彩。我应用了此选项，但是只有在容器还活着的时候它才会持续存在。重新启动容器时，自定义选项全部消失。
What I want to do is some customization of the RStudio environment. In particular, I changed Tools/Global options/Editor theme to 'Pastel on Dark'. I applied this option but it persists only when the container alive. When I restart the container custom options are all gone.
我的项目保存在运行容器时指示的文件夹中，但全局选项未保存。
My projects are saved in the folder that I indicated when running container, but global options are not.
因此，如何将全局选项也保存在硬盘上。也许我需要在驱动器上公开另一个文件夹，该文件夹将连接到RStudio保存全局选项的容器文件夹？
So, how can I save also global options on my hard drive. Maybe I need to expose another folder on my drive which will connect to container folder where RStudio saves global options?
是否可以在
Is it possible to predefine global options in dockerfile as a new layer in docker image?
推荐答案
如果像我一样，您使用临时容器（使用-rm 标志），然后在停止时删除该容器。这是一件好事，因为它可以确保每次都100％保持干净的环境，但是这意味着各个会话之间都不会保留设置。
If, like me, you use an ephemeral container (using the --rm flag), then the container gets deleted when stopped. This is a good thing as it ensures a 100% clean environment every time but it means settings are not preserved from session to session.
与许多流行的IDE不同，rstudio设置不会存储在用户可访问的透明json，尽管他们正在研究。
Unlike many popular IDE, rstudio settings are not stored in a user-accessible transparent json, although they are working on it.
一种解决方法是将设置复制到正确的位置：
A workaround is copying over the settings to the right location:
- 键绑定：
/ home / rstudio /。 R / rstudio / keybindings / rstudio_bindings.json - 常规设置（例如主题）：
/home/rstudio/.rstudio/monitored / user-settings
- keybindings:
/home/rstudio/.R/rstudio/keybindings/rstudio_bindings.json - general settings (such as theme):
/home/rstudio/.rstudio/monitored/user-settings
要进行设置：
- 在容器中启动rstudio
- 设置所需的设置
- 在主机上的某个位置备份上面列出的2个文件。
- 每次启动rstudio时都复制配置文件-请参见下面的脚本。
- Launch rstudio in a container
- Set your desired settings
- Back up the 2 files listed above somewhere on your host.
- Copy over the config files every time you start rstudio - see script below.
我创建了一个快速的lau快捷键指向以下易于修改的脚本。它会启动一个名为rstudio的容器，并复制我备份的设置（在我的情况下是从 / home / asac / projects / rstudio-config ）
I have created a quick launch shortcut pointing to the following script which is easily adapted. It starts a container named rstudio and copies over the settings I have backed up (in my case from /home/asac/projects/rstudio-config)
#!/bin/bash
echo Running rstudio on localhost:8787
docker run -d --rm -p 8787:8787 -e PASSWORD=<pwd> \
-v /home/asac/projects:/home/rstudio/projects \
-v /home/asac/data:/home/rstudio/data \
--name rstudio asachet/shiny-dev
echo Copying over rstudio settings
docker exec rstudio mkdir /home/rstudio/.R/rstudio/keybindings -p
docker cp /home/asac/projects/rstudio-config/user-settings rstudio:/home/rstudio/.rstudio/monitored/user-settings
docker cp /home/asac/projects/rstudio-config/rstudio_bindings.json rstudio:/home/rstudio/.R/rstudio/keybindings/rstudio_bindings.json
echo Launching browser
xdg-open http://localhost:8787
2020年新增
对于RStudio v1.3，有一个新文件〜/ .config / rstudio / rstudio-prefs.json 的设置。您可以在机器之间复制它或手动编辑它。
NEW IN 2020
With RStudio v1.3, there is a new file ~/.config/rstudio/rstudio-prefs.json which controls all of the settings. You can copy it between machines or hand-edit it.
More details in the RStudio Server PR which got ported to RStudio in version 1.3.
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