Python版本2.7：XML ElementTree：如何遍历子元素的某些元素以找到匹配项 [英] Python version 2.7: XML ElementTree: How to iterate through certain elements of a child element in order to find a match
问题描述
我是一名编程新手，很少使用python，所以请在我尝试解释我要做什么时忍受：）
I'm a programming novice and only rarely use python so please bear with me as I try to explain what I am trying to do :)
我有以下XML：
<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8"?>
<Patients>
<Patient>
<PatientCharacteristics>
<patientCode>3</patientCode>
</PatientCharacteristics>
<Visits>
<Visit>
<DAS>
<CRP>14</CRP>
<ESR/>
<Joints>
<DAS_PROFILE>28/28</DAS_PROFILE>
<SWOL28>20</SWOL28>
<TEN28>20</TEN28>
</Joints>
</DAS>
<VisitDate>2010-02-17</VisitDate>
</Visit>
<Visit>
<DAS>
<CRP>10</CRP>
<ESR/>
<Joints>
<DAS_PROFILE>28/28</DAS_PROFILE>
<SWOL28>15</SWOL28>
<TEN28>20</TEN28>
</Joints>
</DAS>
<VisitDate>2010-02-10</VisitDate>
</Visit>
</Visits>
</Patient>
<Patient>
<PatientCharacteristics>
<patientCode>3</patientCode>
</PatientCharacteristics>
<Visits>
<Visit>
<DAS>
<CRP>14</CRP>
<ESR/>
<Joints>
<DAS_PROFILE>28/28</DAS_PROFILE>
<SWOL28>34</SWOL28>
<TEN28>0</TEN28>
</Joints>
</DAS>
<VisitDate>2010-08-17</VisitDate>
</Visit>
<Visit>
<DAS>
<CRP>10</CRP>
<ESR/>
<Joints>
<DAS_PROFILE>28/28</DAS_PROFILE>
<SWOL28></SWOL28>
<TEN28>2</TEN28>
</Joints>
</DAS>
<VisitDate>2010-07-10</VisitDate>
</Visit>
<Visit>
<DAS>
<CRP>9</CRP>
<ESR/>
<Joints>
<DAS_PROFILE>28/28</DAS_PROFILE>
<SWOL28>56</SWOL28>
<TEN28>6</TEN28>
</Joints>
</DAS>
<VisitDate>2009-07-10</VisitDate>
</Visit>
</Visits>
</Patient>
</Patients>
我要做的就是更新某些'SWOL28'值（如果它们与PatientCode和VisitDate匹配）我已经存储在一个文本文件中。据我了解，elementtree不包含父引用，就好像它包含父引用一样，我可以只从根目录使用findall（）并从那里反向进行工作。现在的样子是我的伪代码：
All I want to do here is update certain 'SWOL28' values if they match the patientCode and VisitDate that I have stored in a text file. As I understand, elementtree does not include a parent reference, as if it did, I could just use findall() from the root and work backwards from there. As it stands here is my psuedocode:
- 对于文本文件中的每一行：
- 输入将Visit_Date Patient_Code New_SWOL28放入变量中
- 对于每个患者元素：
- 如果PatientCode = Patient_Code
- 每次访问元素：
- 如果VisitDate = Visit_Date
- 如果此次访问存在SWOL28元素
- 将SWOL28更新为New_SWOL28
- For each line in the text file:
- Put Visit_Date Patient_Code New_SWOL28 into variables
- For each patient element:
- If patientCode = Patient_Code
- For each Visit element:
- If VisitDate = Visit_Date
- If SWOL28 element exists for this visit
- Update SWOL28 to New_SWOL28
但是我停留在第5步。如何获得要迭代访问的列表？道歉，如果这是一个非常愚蠢的问题，但我向您高低地寻找答案，我向您保证！我已经将代码简化为需要在下面修复的部分的裸露示例：
But I am stuck at step number 5. How do I get a list of visits to iterated through? Apologies if this is a very dumb question but I have searched high and low for an answer I assure you! I have stripped down my code to the bare example of the part I need to fix below:
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
tree = ET.parse('DB3.xml')
root = tree.getroot()
for child in root: # THIS GETS ME ALL THE PATIENT ATTRIBUTES
print child.tag
for x in child/Visit: # THIS IS WHAT I CANNOT FIND THE CORRECT SYNTAX FOR
# I WOULD THEN PERFORM STEPS 6, 7 AND 8 HERE
我将非常感谢你们中任何人可能对此有任何想法。我当然不是编程自然人！
I would be deeply appreciative of any ideas any of you may have on this. I am not a programming natural that's for sure!
在此先感谢
Sarah
Thanks in advance, Sarah
编辑1：
根据以下SVK的建议，我尝试了以下操作：
On the advice of SVK below I tried the following:
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
tree = ET.parse('Untitled.xml')
root = tree.getroot()
for child in root:
print child.tag
child.find( "visits" )
for x in child.iter("visit"):
print x.tag, x.text
但我得到的唯一输出是：
患者
患者
，没有一个较低的标签。有想法吗？
But the only output I get is: Patient Patient and none of the lower tags. Any ideas?
推荐答案
未经测试，它应该与您想要的相当接近。
This is untested by it should be fairly close to what you want.
for patient in root:
patient_code = patient.find('PatientCharacteristics').find('patientCode')
if patient_code.text == code:
for visit in patient.find('Visits'):
visit_date = visit.find('VisitDate')
if visit_date.text == date:
swol28 = visit.find('DAS').find('Joints').find('SWOL28')
if swol28.text:
visit.find('DAS').find('Joints').set('SWOL28', new_swol28)
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