如何在Python中从Elementtree获取孙子元素 [英] How to get grandchild elements from Elementtree in python

问题描述

说我有一个像这样的XML代码：

Say I have an XML code like this one:

<root>
    <a>
        <b>
           ....
        </b>
        <c>
           ....
        </c>
        <d>
           ....
        </d>
    </a>
    <d><c></c><a></a></d>
</root>

是否有一个函数可以在给定特定子节点的情况下获取孙子元素？
Foe示例，在上面的XML代码中，如果我传递'd'，我希望它返回'c'和'a'。

Is there a function to get the grandchildren elements given a certain child node? Foe example, in the XML code above, if I pass 'd', I would like it to return 'c' and 'a'.

I尝试过getChildren（），但我猜这返回属性，但不返回children元素。我什至没有属性。

I tried getChildren(), but I guess this returns attributes, but not the children elements. I don't even have attributes btw.

谢谢。

推荐答案

根元素是可迭代的：

>>> import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
>>> xml = "<root><a><b>....</b><c>....</c><d>....</d></a><d><c></c><a></a></d></root>"
>>> root = ET.fromstring(xml)
>>> root
<Element 'root' at 0x7fa86a7ea610>
>>> for child in root:
...     print(child)
... 
<Element 'a' at 0x7fa86a7ea650>
<Element 'd' at 0x7fa86a7ea810>

获取特定的孙元素：

Getting specific grandchild elements:

>>> root = ET.fromstring(xml)
>>> root.find("d")
[<Element 'd' at 0x10d7869a8>]

find（）方法将找到第一个匹配的子级。请注意，这仅仅是子元素。我们可以通过迭代孩子来找到孙子元素：

The find() method will find the first matching child. Note how this is only the child element. We can find grandchildren elements by iterating the child:

>>> for e in root.find("d"):
...     print(e)
...
<Element 'c' at 0x10d82ec28>
<Element 'a' at 0x10d82ec78>

如果要标记而不是ElementTree对象：

If you want the tag rather than the ElementTree object:

>>> [e.tag for e in root.find("d")]
['c', 'a']

请注意，<元素 c位于0x7fce44939650> 表示ElementTree Element 对象（与 root 相同），其API定义为在文档中

Note that <Element 'c' at 0x7fce44939650> represents an ElementTree Element object (same as root), whose API is defined in the docs

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