红宝石中的#encode和#force_encoding有什么区别？ [英] What is the difference between #encode and #force_encoding in ruby?

问题描述

我真的不明白Ruby中<$ c $的 #encode 和 #force_encoding 之间的区别c> String 类。我了解 kam .force_encoding（ UTF-8）将强制 kam 使用UTF -8编码，但 #encode（encoding）有何不同？

I really do not understand the difference between #encode and #force_encoding in Ruby for the String class. I understand that "kam".force_encoding("UTF-8") will force "kam" to be in UTF-8 encoding, but how is #encode(encoding) different?

http://ruby-doc.org/core-2.0/String.html#method-i-encoding

推荐答案

差异很大。 force_encoding 设置给定的字符串编码，但不更改字符串本身，即不更改其在内存中的表示形式。

Difference is pretty big. force_encoding sets given string encoding, but does not change the string itself, i.e. does not change it representation in memory:

'łał'.bytes #=> [197, 130, 97, 197, 130]
'łał'.force_encoding('ASCII').bytes #=> [197, 130, 97, 197, 130]
'łał'.force_encoding('ASCII')   #=> "\xC5\x82a\xC5\x82"

编码假定当前编码是正确的，并尝试更改字符串，以便在第二种编码中以相同的方式读取：

Encode is assuming that the current encoding is correct and tries to change the string so it reads same way in second encoding:

'łał'.encode('UTF-16') #=> 'łał'
'łał'.encode('UTF-16').bytes #=> [254, 255, 1, 65, 0, 97, 1, 66] 

简而言之， force_encoding 更改从字节读取字符串的方式，而 encode 更改不更改输出的字符串写入方式（如果可能）

In short, force_encoding changes the way string is being read from bytes, and encode changes the way string is written without changing the output (if possible)

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