实体框架-具有多对多映射的插入模型 [英] Entity Framework - Inserting model with many to many mapping
问题描述
当我具有这样的模型设置时，如何插入属于模型 Post 的模型 Tag ：
How can I insert a model Tag that belongs to a model Post when I have the models setup like this:
发布
public class Post
{
public int Id { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
public string Description { get; set; }
public virtual ICollection<Tag> Tags { get; set; }
public Post()
{
Tags = new List<Tag>();
}
}
标记
public class Tag
{
public int Id { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
}
此问题建议创建一个Post对象，然后将Tags添加到Tags集合，我无法正常运行：
插入/更新多对多实体框架。我该怎么做？
This question suggests to create a Post object then add Tags to the Tags collection, I couldn't get it working: Insert/Update Many to Many Entity Framework . How do I do it?
我想在数据库中已经将Tag添加到Post，我该如何使用EF。我是EF的新手。
I want to add Tag to Post already in the database, how can I do that with EF. I'm new to EF.
这是我尝试过的方法，如果将其发送到API，则不会插入任何记录，并且可以看到新的 tag Id = 0 在数据库中不存在，但是我认为这会导致外键约束错误，不确定是否需要执行某些操作为标签自动生成ID：
This is what I've tried, if I send this to the API it doesn't insert any records and I can see that the new tag Id = 0 which doesn't exist in the database, but I'd think that'd cause a foreign key constraint error, not sure If I need to do something to auto generate Id for the tag:
{
Name: "test"
}
API
[ResponseType(typeof(Tag))]
public IHttpActionResult PostTag(Tag tag)
{
if (!ModelState.IsValid)
{
return BadRequest(ModelState);
}
var post = new Post();
var tags = new List<Tag>();
tags.Add(tag);
post.Tags.Add(tag);
post.Id = 10;
db.Entry(post).State = EntityState.Modified;
db.SaveChanges();
return CreatedAtRoute("DefaultApi", new { id = tag.Id }, tag);
}
推荐答案
如果您说有多对多关系，其中 PostTag 是 Tag 和 Post ，那么您的模型没有显示任何多对多关系，所以从我的情况来看看到在 Post 和 Tag之间有
一对多 code>，因为您的模型定义。
If you said there is Many-To-Many relation which the PostTag is connection table between Tag and Post then your models don't show any many-to-many relation, so from what I have seen there is
one-to-many between Post and Tag because of your model definition.
如果要建立多对多关系在它们之间，您必须执行以下操作：
if you want to make many-to-many relation between them you have to something like below:
public class Tag
{
public int Id { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
public virtual ICollection<Post> Posts { get; set; }
public Tag()
{
Posts = new HashSet<Post>();
}
}
public class Post
{
public int Id { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
public string Description { get; set; }
public virtual ICollection<Tag> Tags { get; set; }
public Post()
{
Tags = new HashSet<Tag>();
}
}
和 OnModelCreating 通过fluent api建立联系，如下所示：
and in OnModelCreating make relation by fluent api as below :
protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder)
{
modelBuilder.Entity<Tag>()
.HasMany(s => s.Posts)
.WithMany(c => c.Tags)
.Map(cs =>
{
cs.MapLeftKey("TagId");//TagId
cs.MapRightKey("PostId");//PostId
cs.ToTable("PostTag");
});
}
反之亦然
modelBuilder.Entity<Post>()
.HasMany(s => s.Tags)
.WithMany(c => c.Posts)
.Map(cs =>
{
cs.MapLeftKey("PostId");//PostId
cs.MapRightKey("TagId");//TagId
cs.ToTable("PostTag");
});
您可以看到并知道应该有一个名为 PostTag的表有两列作为键，这些脚本具有以下脚本：
as you can see and know there should be a table named PostTag in database which have two columns as keys which have a script like :
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[PostTag](
[TagId] [int] NOT NULL,
[PostId] [int] NOT NULL,
CONSTRAINT [PK_PostTag] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
(
[TagId] ASC,
[PostId] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[PostTag] WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_PostTag_Post] FOREIGN KEY([PostId])
REFERENCES [dbo].[Post] ([Id])
GO
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[PostTag] CHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_PostTag_Post]
GO
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[PostTag] WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_PostTag_Tag] FOREIGN KEY([TagId])
REFERENCES [dbo].[Tag] ([TagId])
GO
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[PostTag] CHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_PostTag_Tag]
GO
看看此处以获取更多信息。
更新：
如果要建立零对多关系， code> Post 和 Tag ，则模型应如下所示：
if you want establish zero-to-many relation between Post and Tag then the models should be like below:
public class Tag
{
public int Id { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
public int? PostId { get; set; }
}
public class Post
{
public int Id { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
public string Description { get; set; }
public virtual ICollection<Tag> Tags { get; set; }
public Post()
{
Tags = new HashSet<Tag>();
}
}
以及与流利api的一对多关系：
and one to many relation with fluent api :
modelBuilder.Entity<Post>()
.HasMany(o1 => o1.Tags);
作为您的注释，您不需要 Tag 具有导航属性，因此如果存在关联，则应在 Tag 中将其定义为 Nullable 这是伪键在它们之间，您至少应该通过Navigation属性或 Nullable 属性建立关系。
as your comment you don't want Tag have navigate property so you should define a property as Nullable in Tag which is feign key, if there is a relation between them you should establish relation at least by navigate property or Nullable property.
正确答案来自此处（无更改）：
如果您想为存在的帖子分配标签，则应该先找到该帖子，然后再向其中添加标签标签确实存在于数据库中，将在Tag和发现的Post之间建立关系，如果该Tag不存在，则将标签插入数据库，
The correct answer came from here (with no change): You want to assign a tag to exist post you should find that Post firstly then add a tag to it, if that tag does exist in DB a relation will be made between Tag and found Post if that Tag does not exist then Tag will be inserted to DB,
看看这个：
var post = context.Posts.SingleOrDefault(x => x.Id == 4);//That Id would be you specific Post Id
var existTag = context.Tags.SingleOrDefault(x => x.Id == 1); //Exist Tag in DB
post.Tags.Add(existTag);
context.SaveChanges();
//Inserting new tag to DB and assign it to Post also
Tag newTag = new Tag // Does not exist in DataBase
{
Name = "tag2"
};
post.Tags.Add(newTag);// By this tag2 will be insert into Tag table first and then added to post (insert new record to PostTag)
context.SaveChanges();
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