在python中将枚举转换为int [英] Convert enum to int in python

问题描述

我有一个列举的国籍：

class Nationality:
        Poland='PL'
        Germany='DE'
        France='FR'

如何将某些枚举转换为int以这种或类似的方式：

How can I convert this some enum to int in this or similar way:

position_of_enum = int(Nationality.Poland)  # here I want to get 0

我知道我可以通过以下方式进行编码：

I know that I can do it if I had code by:

counter=0
for member in dir(Nationality):
    if getattr(Nationality, member) == code:
        lookFor = member
        counter += 1
return counter

但我没有，并且这种方式对于python来说太大了。我肯定有简单得多的东西。

but I don't have, and this way looks too big for python. I'm sure that there is something much simpler .

推荐答案

有更好的（以及更多的 Pythonic）方法

There are better (and more "Pythonic") ways of doing what you want.

可以使用元组（或列出是否需要修改）来保存订单：

Either use a tuple (or list if it needs to be modified), where the order will be preserved:

code_lookup = ('PL', 'DE', 'FR')
return code_lookup.index('PL') 

或使用以下字典：

code_lookup = {'PL':0, 'FR':2, 'DE':3}
return code_lookup['PL']  

在我看来，后者更可取，因为它更具可读性和明确性。

The latter is preferable, in my opinion, as it's more readable and explicit.

A namedtuple 在您的特定情况下可能也很有用，尽管它可能会过大：

A namedtuple might also be useful, in your specific case, though it's probably overkill:

import collections
Nationalities = collections.namedtuple('Nationalities', 
                                       ['Poland', 'France', 'Germany'])
nat = Nationalities('PL', 'FR', 'DE')
print nat.Poland
print nat.index(nat.Germany)

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