Powershell cmdlet如何通过管道将信息或错误写入事件日志 [英] powershell cmdlet how to pipe information or error to write-eventlog

问题描述

我试图根据从我的cmdlet发出的流，将事件日志输出到正确的条目类型(信息，警告，错误)，如下所示:

i'm trying to output to eventlog to the correct Entry Type (Information,Warning,Error) based on the stream that is coming out of my cmdlet, something like this:

function myfunction {
   Param(
   [switch]$stream1,
   [switch]$stream2
)
   if ($stream1) {write-output 'stream 1 msg'}
   if ($stream2) {write-error 'stream 2 msg'}
}

$eventlogparams = @{'logname'='application';'source'='myapp';'eventid'='1'}

myfunction -stream1 -stream2 `
  1> write-eventlog @eventlogparams -entrytype information -message $_ `
  2> write-eventlog @eventlogparams -entrytype error -message $_

有人知道如何做到这一点吗?

does anyone have an idea of how to accomplish this?

推荐答案

您可以 合并错误流和其他错误流到成功流并根据每个管道对象的数据类型 在源流之间进行区分:

You can merge the error stream and others into the success stream and distinguish between the origin streams by the data type of each pipeline object:

myfunction -channel1 -channel2 *>&1 | ForEach-Object { 
  $entryType = switch ($_.GetType().FullName) {
        'System.Management.Automation.ErrorRecord' { 'error'; break }
        'System.Management.Automation.WarningRecord' { 'warning'; break }
        default { 'information'}
    }
  write-eventlog @eventlogparams -entrytype $entryType -message $_
}

重定向*>&1将所有所有(*)流的输出发送到(&)成功流(1)，以便所有输出，而不管它是什么流来自，是通过管道发送的.

Redirection *>&1 sends the output from all (*) streams to (&) the success stream (1), so that all output, irrespective of what stream it came from, is sent through the pipeline.

以上内容仅专门处理错误和警告，并将其他信息(包括成功输出)报告为信息，但是扩展方法很容易-请参见底部.

The above only deals with errors and warnings specifically, and reports everything else, including the success output, as information, but it's easy to extend the approach - see bottom.

请参阅 about_Redirections (自v6起)PowerShell中所有6个输出流的概述.

See about_Redirections for an overview of all 6 output streams available in PowerShell (as of v6).

通过一个更简单的示例来说明该技术:

To illustrate the technique with a simpler example:

& { Write-Output good; Write-Error bad; Write-Warning problematic } *>&1 | ForEach-Object {
  $entryType = switch ($_.GetType().FullName) {
        'System.Management.Automation.ErrorRecord' { 'error'; break }
        'System.Management.Automation.WarningRecord' { 'warning'; break }
        default { 'information'}
    }
  '[{0}] {1}' -f $entryType, $_
}

上面的结果:

[information] good
[error] bad
[warning] problematic

---

各种流输出的数据类型列表:

Stream           Type
------           ----
#1 (Success)     (whatever input type is provided).
#2 (Error)       [System.Management.Automation.ErrorRecord]
#3 (Warning)     [System.Management.Automation.WarningRecord]
#4 (Verbose)     [System.Management.Automation.VerboseRecord]
#5 (Debug)       [System.Management.Automation.DebugRecord]
#6 (Information) [System.Management.Automation.InformationRecord]

以下代码用于产生以上列表(第一个数据行除外):

The following code was used to produce the above list (except for the first data row):

& {
    $VerbosePreference = $DebugPreference = $InformationPreference = 'Continue'
    $ndx = 2
    "Write-Error", "Write-Warning", "Write-Verbose", "Write-Debug", "Write-Information" | % {
        & $_ ($_ -split '-')[-1] *>&1
        ++$ndx
    } | Select-Object @{n='Stream'; e={"#$ndx ($_)"} }, @{n='Type'; e={"[$($_.GetType().FullName)]"} }
}

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