Python:使用py2app在MacOS上制作独立的可执行文件 [英] Python: Making a standalone executable file on MacOS with py2app

问题描述

我在python脚本my_app.py中有一个应用程序，想在MacOS(10.14)上制作一个独立的可执行文件.在视频教程此处之后，我依次输入了以下命令:

I have an application in a python script my_app.py and want to make a standalone executable out of it on a MacOS (10.14). Following the video-tutorial here, I entered sequentially the following commmands:

pip install virtualenv
virtualenv venv --system-site-packages
source venv/bin/activate
pip install py2app
cd /path/to/my_app.py
python setup.py py2app -A

以及以下setup.py文件:

from setuptools import setup

APP = ["my_app.py"]
DATA_FILES = []
OPTIONS = {
    "argv_emulation": True,
    "packages": ["certifi"],
}
setup(
    app = APP,
    data_files = DATA_FILES,
    options = {"py2app": OPTIONS},
    setup_requires = ["py2app"]

)

但收到以下错误消息:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "setup.py", line 13, in <module>
    setup_requires = ["py2app"]
  File "/Users/mymac/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py", line 145, in setup
    return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
  File "/Users/mymac/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/distutils/core.py", line 148, in setup
    dist.run_commands()
  File "/Users/mymac/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 966, in run_commands
    self.run_command(cmd)
  File "/Users/mymac/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 984, in run_command
    cmd_obj.ensure_finalized()
  File "/Users/mymac/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/distutils/cmd.py", line 107, in ensure_finalized
    self.finalize_options()
  File "/Users/mymac/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/py2app/build_app.py", line 567, in finalize_options
    if isinstance(self.plist, plistlib.Dict):
AttributeError: module 'plistlib' has no attribute 'Dict'

收到该错误消息后，我发现 github页面并键入以下代码:

With that error message, I found that github page and typed the following code:

brew install qt  # will install qt-5.x.x
brew install libxml2
make qt5py3
python3 labelImg.py
python3 labelImg.py [IMAGE_PATH] [PRE-DEFINED CLASS FILE]

As a side note, if mssing pyrcc5 or lxml, try
pip3 install pyqt5 lxml

但是，在输入make qt5py3行之后，我得到了:

However after entering the line make qt5py3, I get:

make: *** No rule to make target `qt5py3'.  Stop.

我还尝试了以下命令:

brew install python3
pip install pipenv
pipenv --three
pipenv shell
pip install py2app
pip install PyQt5 lxml
make qt5py3
rm -rf build dist
python setup.py py2app -A
mv "dist/labelImg.app" /Applications

但也得到

make: *** No rule to make target `qt5py3'.  Stop.

输入行make qt5py3

我在github上发布了问题

I posted an issue on github

我在做什么错了?

推荐答案

plistlib.Dict可用，但未记录.在python 3.4中，它最终被记录；还记录了它从3.0开始不推荐使用.

plistlib.Dict was available but not documented. In python 3.4 it was finally documented; also documented that it's deprecated since 3.0.

在python 3.7中，它不再记录，并且可能已从plistlib库中删除.

In python 3.7 it is no longer documented and perhaps removed from plistlib library.

这意味着py2app当前尚未与Python 3.7兼容.我发现了这个问题，据报道半年前，几天后解决.解决方法是:使用以下命令将py2app升级到最新版本0.15:

This means that py2app currently not yet compatible with Python 3.7. I found this issue, it was reported half a year ago and resolved a few days later. The resolution is: upgrade py2app to the latest version 0.15 with the following command :

pip3.7 install -U py2app

验证版本

pip show py2app

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