替换包含特定字符串的整个表达式 [英] Replace entire expression that contains a specific string

问题描述

我有一个数据框，其中的列包含大量文件名，例如:

I have data frame that has a column with large number of file names like:

d <- c("harry11_scott80_norm.avi","harry11_norm.avi","harry11_scott80_lpf.avi", 
       "joel51_lpf.avi","rich82_joel51_lpf.avi")

我希望R将所有具有两个人名的表达式(如harry11_scott80_norm.avi替换为incongruent)并将所有具有单个人名的表达式(如将harry11_norm.avi替换为congruent).我可以使用gsub来做到这一点:

I want R to replace all expressions with two people names like harry11_scott80_norm.avi with the expression incongruent and all the ones with single person name like harry11_norm.avi with congruent. I could use gsub to do that:

dd <- gsub("harry11_scott80_norm.avi", "incongruent", d) 

但是我有很多这样的名字，所以这将是一个非常笨拙的解决方案.因此，理想情况下，我想将包含_scott80_之类的字符串的ENTIRE表达式替换为"incongruent".我以为gsub可以做到这一点，但是当我运行它时:

but I got a lot of those names, so it would be a very clunky solution. So ideally I want to replace the ENTIRE expression that contains strings like _scott80_ with "incongruent". I thought that gsub can do this, but when I run it:

dd <- gsub("_scott80_", "incongruent", d)

它返回harry11incongruentnorm.avi，这显然是因为它只是替换了完全匹配的字符串.我确认有一种方法可以告诉gsub完全替换包含所选字符串的表达式，但是我找不到它.

it returns with harry11incongruentnorm.avi, which is obviously because it simply replace the exact string match. I recon there is some way to tell gsub to replace expression entirely that contains selected string, but I can't find it.

有一个问题 补充问题-基于@GSee答案，是否有任何函数可以让您传递要替换的字符串列表?例如，gsub(c(".*_scott80_.*", ".*_harry11_.*"), "incongruent", d)将不起作用.

Side bonus question - based on @GSee answer, is there any function that allows you to pass a list of strings that you want to replace? For example, gsub(c(".*_scott80_.*", ".*_harry11_.*"), "incongruent", d) won't work.

推荐答案

这是一种方法

> gsub(".*_scott80_.*", "incongruent", d)
[1] "incongruent"           "harry11_norm.avi"      "incongruent"          
[4] "joel51_lpf.avi"        "rich82_joel51_lpf.avi"

或使用grep

> d[grep("_scott80_", d)] <- "incongruent"
> d
[1] "incongruent"           "harry11_norm.avi"      "incongruent"          
[4] "joel51_lpf.avi"        "rich82_joel51_lpf.avi"

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为了解决您的修改，我相信可以做到这一点(使用|表示或")

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To address your edit, I believe this will do it (using | to mean "or")

gsub(".*(_scott80_|_harry11_).*", "incongruent", d)

当然，在d中没有与"_harry11_"

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