从Rails返回文件 [英] Returning files from rails

问题描述

初学者Rails问题:如何从Rails中的控制器返回文件?

Beginner rails question: How does one return a file from a controller in rails?

我熟悉返回/渲染JSON对象.但是，我从未返回/渲染带有任意扩展名的文件.

I'm familiar with returning/rendering JSON objects. However I've never returned/rendered a file w/ an arbitrary extension.

从SO的阅读中看来，render :nothing => true可能会有所帮助.我只是在寻找一些指导或相关文档.

From reading around SO it sounds like render :nothing => true could help. I'm just looking for some guidance or relevant documentation.

推荐答案

您可以使用内置导轨 send_data 方法.

You can use the built-in rails send_file or send_data method.

要流式传输文件(例如，用于文件代理端点)，请使用send_file:

To stream a file (e.g. for a file proxy endpoint), use send_file:

send_file("#{RAILS_ROOT}/path/to/file/on/server",
  :filename => "client-suggested-filename",
  :type => "mime/type")

要流式传输生成的数据(例如，生成的pdf)，请使用send_data:

To stream generated data (e.g. for a generated pdf), use send_data:

send_data(your_data,
  :filename => "client-suggested-filename",
  :type => "mime/type")

文件扩展名和mime类型不必匹配，但它们可能仅应符合最终用户的期望.例如，如果发送的哑剧类型为application/pdf，则应将:filename设置为something.pdf.

The file extension and mime type don't have to match up, but they probably should just to conform to end user expectations. For example, if you are sending with a mime type of application/pdf, you should really set the :filename to something.pdf.

如果您不确定要发送的文件的MIME类型，可以检查此Wikipedia页面或使用 mime-types gem. (或者，如果您正在从存储了mime类型的数据库中读取数据，请使用该类型.)

If you're not sure what the mime type is for the file you are sending, you can check this wikipedia page or use the mime-types gem. (Or if you are reading from a database that stores the mime type, use that).

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