如何使用sys.path.append在python中导入文件? [英] How to import files in python using sys.path.append?

问题描述

我的桌面上有两个目录，DIR1和DIR2，其中包含以下文件:

There are two directories on my desktop, DIR1 and DIR2 which contain the following files:

DIR1:
file1.py

DIR2:
file2.py  myfile.txt

文件包含以下内容:

import sys

sys.path.append('.')
sys.path.append('../DIR2')

import file2

file2.py

import sys

sys.path.append( '.' )
sys.path.append( '../DIR2' )

MY_FILE = "myfile.txt"

myfile = open(MY_FILE) 

myfile.txt

some text

现在，有两种情况.第一个起作用，第二个给出错误.

Now, there are two scenarios. The first works, the second gives an error.

我cd进入DIR2并运行file2.py，它没有问题.

I cd into DIR2 and run file2.py and it runs no problem.

我cd进入DIR1并运行file1.py并抛出错误:

I cd into DIR1 and run file1.py and it throws an error:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<absolute-path>/DIR1/file1.py", line 6, in <module>
    import file2
  File "../DIR2/file2.py", line 9, in <module>
    myfile = open(MY_FILE)
IOError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'myfile.txt'

但是，这对我来说毫无意义，因为我已经使用命令sys.path.append('../DIR2')将路径附加到了file1.py.

However, this makes no sense to me, since I have appended the path to file1.py using the command sys.path.append('../DIR2').

为什么当file1.py和file2.py与myfile.txt在同一目录中时却发生错误，为什么会发生这种情况?谢谢你.

Why does this happen when file1.py, when file2.py is in the same directory as myfile.txt yet it throws an error? Thank you.

推荐答案

您可以使用模块的__file__属性来创建相对于模块的路径.例如:

You can create a path relative to a module by using a module's __file__ attribute. For example:

myfile = open(os.path.join(
    os.path.dirname(__file__),
    MY_FILE))

无论您从哪里开始脚本，这都应该做您想要的事情.

This should do what you want regardless of where you start your script.

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