Flutter:如何使用FCM以编程方式发送推送通知 [英] Flutter: How can i send push notification programmatically with fcm
问题描述
我正在创建一个聊天应用程序，并且如果该人有新消息，我想使用fcm发送通知，但是我不知道该如何进行.我发现的所有教程都用于从Firebase发送消息.但是我想在有新消息发送给该人时自动发送
如果使用Firebase，则可能的解决方法如下:
您需要为特定用户存储每个firebase FCM令牌(此处需要考虑到用户可以同时从多个设备登录其帐户)，以便存储 userId 及其他的 deviceUniqueId 可以在device_info https://pub上获得. dev/packages/device_info :
String identifier;
final DeviceInfoPlugin deviceInfoPlugin = new DeviceInfoPlugin();
try {
if (Platform.isAndroid) {
var build = await deviceInfoPlugin.androidInfo;
identifier = build.id.toString();
} else if (Platform.isIOS) {
var data = await deviceInfoPlugin.iosInfo;
identifier = data.identifierForVendor;//UUID for iOS
}
} on PlatformException {
print('Failed to get platform version');
}
，然后获取Firebase为每个设备提供的唯一CFM令牌，您可以使用Firebase firebase_messaging插件(而不是"to" ，如果用户将推送通知发送给多个令牌已在多个设备上登录.
Future<bool> callOnFcmApiSendPushNotifications(List <String> userToken) async {
final postUrl = 'https://fcm.googleapis.com/fcm/send';
final data = {
"registration_ids" : userToken,
"collapse_key" : "type_a",
"notification" : {
"title": 'NewTextTitle',
"body" : 'NewTextBody',
}
};
final headers = {
'content-type': 'application/json',
'Authorization': constant.firebaseTokenAPIFCM // 'key=YOUR_SERVER_KEY'
};
final response = await http.post(postUrl,
body: json.encode(data),
encoding: Encoding.getByName('utf-8'),
headers: headers);
if (response.statusCode == 200) {
// on success do sth
print('test ok push CFM');
return true;
} else {
print(' CFM error');
// on failure do sth
return false;
}
}
您还可以检查来自邮递员的邮寄电话以进行一些测试. POST请求 在标题上添加:
-
具有 value key = AAAAO的
- key 授权//项目概述->云消息传递->服务器密钥 具有 value application/json的
- key 内容类型
然后在身体上添加
{
"registration_ids" :[ "userUniqueToken1", "userUniqueToken2",... ],
"collapse_key" : "type_a",
"notification" : {
"body" : "Test post",
"title": "Push notifications E"
}
}
"registration_ids" 发送给多个令牌(同一用户同时登录多个设备) 至" ，以便将其发送到单个令牌(每个用户一个设备/或始终更新与其设备连接并具有1个令牌... 1个用户的用户令牌)
我正在编辑响应，为了添加该内容，在受信任的环境或服务器上添加 FCM服务器密钥非常重要！
I'm creating a chat application and i want to use fcm to send notification if the person has a new message, but i don't know how to proceed. All the tutorials i found use to send the message from firebase. But i want to send it automatically when there is a new message for the person
A possible workaround if you use firebase should be like this:
You need to store each firebase FCM token for a specific user (need to take in account here that a user can log in at the same time on his account from multiple devices) so you can store the userId and his deviceUniqueId on flutter you can get it from device_info https://pub.dev/packages/device_info:
String identifier;
final DeviceInfoPlugin deviceInfoPlugin = new DeviceInfoPlugin();
try {
if (Platform.isAndroid) {
var build = await deviceInfoPlugin.androidInfo;
identifier = build.id.toString();
} else if (Platform.isIOS) {
var data = await deviceInfoPlugin.iosInfo;
identifier = data.identifierForVendor;//UUID for iOS
}
} on PlatformException {
print('Failed to get platform version');
}
and after that to get the unique CFM token that Firebase provide for each device, you can get it using Firebase firebase_messaging plugin (https://pub.dev/packages/firebase_messaging) getToken() and insert the token to firestore (or an other database you want to store it)
FirebaseMessaging firebaseMessaging = new FirebaseMessaging();
firebaseMessaging.requestNotificationPermissions(
const IosNotificationSettings(sound: true, badge: true, alert: true));
firebaseMessaging.onIosSettingsRegistered
.listen((IosNotificationSettings settings) {
print("Settings registered: $settings");
});
firebaseMessaging.getToken().then((token){
print('--- Firebase toke here ---');
Firestore.instance.collection(constant.userID).document(identifier).setData({ 'token': token});
print(token);
});
After that you can insert one or more FCM token connected to multiple device for one user. 1 user ... n devices , 1 device ... 1 unique token to get push notifications from Firebase.
send it automatically when there is a new message for the person : now you need to call the Firestore API(is very fast indeed but need to be careful about the plan limit that you are using here) or another API call if you store the token to another db, in order to get the token/tokens for each user and send the push notifications.
To send the push notification from flutter you can use a Future async function. P.s: I'm passing as argument a List here in order to use "registration_ids" instead of "to" and send the push notification to multiple tokens if the user has been logged in on multiple devices.
Future<bool> callOnFcmApiSendPushNotifications(List <String> userToken) async {
final postUrl = 'https://fcm.googleapis.com/fcm/send';
final data = {
"registration_ids" : userToken,
"collapse_key" : "type_a",
"notification" : {
"title": 'NewTextTitle',
"body" : 'NewTextBody',
}
};
final headers = {
'content-type': 'application/json',
'Authorization': constant.firebaseTokenAPIFCM // 'key=YOUR_SERVER_KEY'
};
final response = await http.post(postUrl,
body: json.encode(data),
encoding: Encoding.getByName('utf-8'),
headers: headers);
if (response.statusCode == 200) {
// on success do sth
print('test ok push CFM');
return true;
} else {
print(' CFM error');
// on failure do sth
return false;
}
}
You can also check the post call from postman in order to make some tests. POST request On Headers add the:
- key Authorization with value key=AAAAO........ // Project Overview -> Cloud Messaging -> Server Key
- key Content-Type with value application/json
And on the body add
{
"registration_ids" :[ "userUniqueToken1", "userUniqueToken2",... ],
"collapse_key" : "type_a",
"notification" : {
"body" : "Test post",
"title": "Push notifications E"
}
}
"registration_ids" to send it to multiple tokens (same user logged in to more than on device at the same time) "to" in order to send it to a single token (one device per user / or update always the user token that is connected with his device and have 1 token ... 1 user)
I'm making an edit to the response, in order to add that is very important to add the FCM Server Key on a trusted environment or server!
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