Django验证日期&表格中的时间 [英] Django Validate Date & Time in Forms

问题描述

我有一个视图，可以在表单上验证日期和时间，以确保日期和时间没有过去.日期和时间是两个单独的字段.它可以工作，但是我知道它的错误处理方式，并且应该在Django Forms中验证日期和时间.

I have a view where I validate date and time on form submit making sure the date + time are not past. Date and Time are two separate fields. It works, but I know its wrong way of doing it and the date+time should be validated in Django Forms.

这是在我的view.py

(可能操作方式不正确，但可行)

(Probably not done the right way but it works)

my_date = request.session['reservationdate'] #in "mm/dd/yyyy" format
my_time = request.session['reservationtime'] #in "hh:mm" format
my_date_time = (my_date + ' ' + my_time + ':00') #convert to "mm/dd/yyyy hh:mm:ss"
my_date_time = datetime.strptime(my_date_time, '%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S') #convert to valid datetime
if datetime.now() <= my_date_time:
    #do this
else:
     ...

现在我的目标是在Django表单中具有类似上面的内容:

now my goal is to have something like the above in Django forms:

class MyForm(forms.ModelForm):  

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super(MyForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)

        self.fields['my_date'].required = True
        self.fields['my_time'].required = True
        ...

    def clean_my_date(self):
        my_date = self.cleaned_data['my_date']
        my_time = self.cleaned_data['my_time']
        my_date_time = (my_date + ' ' + my_time + ':00')
        my_date_time = datetime.strptime(my_date_time, '%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S')
        if datetime.now() <= my_date_time:
            raise forms.ValidationError(u'Wrong Date!')
        return my_date

    class Meta:
        model = MyModel
        fields = ['my_date', 'my_time', ...]

工作代码:

def clean_my_time(self):
   my_date = self.cleaned_data['my_date']
   my_time = self.cleaned_data['my_time']
   my_date_time = ('%s %s' % (my_date, my_time))
   my_date_time = datetime.strptime(my_date_time, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
   if datetime.now() >= my_date_time:
        raise forms.ValidationError(u'Wrong Date or Time! "%s"' % my_date_time)
   return my_time

感谢所有人的帮助，尤其是 xyres ，感谢他的工作以及对我的耐心！

Thanks to all for the help especially xyres for his work and for being patient with me!

推荐答案

我将最后一次回答.代替执行def clean_my_date(...)，请执行以下操作:

I'll try to answer one last time. Instead of doing def clean_my_date(...), do this:

def clean_my_time(self):
    # rest of your code remains same

如果上述解决方案不起作用，请尝试此答案.

If the above solution doesn't work, try this answer.

更新

由于上述代码有效，我觉得我应该尝试解释原因和方式.

Since the above code worked, I feel I should try and explain why and how.

让我们看看表单中字段的顺序

Let's look at the order of fields in your form

fields = ['my_date', 'my_time', ...]

因此，您可以看到my_time字段位于之后 my_date字段.因此，当您的代码就像

As, you can see my_time field comes after my_date field. So, when your code was like

def clean_my_date(self) 

窗体的clean()方法被调用，它返回一个名为cleaned_data的字典对象.此cleaned_data字典具有表单最多 my_date字段中的所有键即字段. my_date之后的任何字段都不会在cleaned_data中.因为my_time字段在my_date字段之后，所以它不在cleaned_data中.这就是为什么您得到KeyError.

the clean() method of your form gets called and it returns a dictionary object called cleaned_data. This cleaned_data dict has all the keys i.e. fields of your form upto my_date field. Any field that is after my_date won't be in cleaned_data. As, my_time field is after my_date field, it was not in cleaned_data. That is why you got a KeyError.

将代码更改为

def clean_my_time(self) 

clean()方法返回cleaned_data，其中所有字段 up my_time.由于my_date在my_time之前，因此它在cleaned_data中.因此，没有错误.

the clean() method returned cleaned_data with all the fields upto my_time. As my_date comes before my_time, it is, therefore, present in cleaned_data. Hence, no error.

因此，这取决于表单字段的顺序.如果要一起验证两个字段，请按顺序在后面的字段的clean_my_field(self)方法中进行验证. JérômeThiard 发布的答案也是一个很好的选择.

So it depends on the order of your form fields. If you want to validate two fields together, do it in the clean_my_field(self) method of the field that comes later in order. The answer posted by Jérôme Thiard is also a good alternative.

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