如何在unix中转置或旋转文本文件的数据? [英] How to transpose or pivot data of a text file in unix?

问题描述

我在Unix中有一个输入文本文件，其中包含这种数据.

I have an input text file in unix with this kind of data.

Event_date:20190512044638
Error_code:5858
Event_type:GPRS data
Duration:772
Missing_provider_id:46009

Event_date:20190512044638
Error_code:780678

Event_date:20190512064535
Error_code:5858
Event_type:GPRS data
Duration:2172
Missing_provider_id:722310

我希望这些数据采用以下输出格式:

i want this data to be in this output format:

Event_date      Error_code  Event_type  Duration  Missing_provider_id
20190512044638  5858        GPRS data   772       46009
20190512044638  780678      
20190512064535  5858        GPRS data   2172      722310

我尝试了awk和sed命令的组合，但是没有解决. 我如何获得此输出?

I tried a combination of awk and sed commands, but didn't work out. How can i achieve this output?

Event_date:20190512044638
Error_code:5858
Event_type:GPRS data
Duration:772
Missing_provider_id:46009

Event_date:20190512044638
Error_code:780678

Event_date:20190512064535
Error_code:5858
Event_type:GPRS data
Duration:2172
Missing_provider_id:722310

---

我希望这些数据采用以下输出格式:

---

i want this data to be in this output format:

Event_date      Error_code  Event_type  Duration  Missing_provider_id
20190512044638  5858        GPRS data   772       46009
20190512044638  780678      
20190512064535  5858        GPRS data   2172      722310

推荐答案

此awk可能会执行以下操作:(使用制表符分隔的字段)

This awk may do: (tab separated fields)

如果缺少字段，所有步骤都必须按顺序进行，否则PS将失败.

PS this will fail if on field is missing, all need to come in order.

awk -F: 'NR==1 {print $1,$3,$5,$7,$9} {print $2,$4,$6,$8,$10}'  RS= ORS='\n' OFS='\t' file
Event_date      Error_code      Event_type      Duration        Missing_provider_id
20190512044638  5858    GPRS data       772     46009
20190512044638  780678
20190512064535  5858    GPRS data       2172    722310

---

更通用的解决方案:

---

A more generic solution:

awk -F: 'NR==1 {print $1,$3,$5,$7,$9} {for(i=2;i<=NF;i+=2) printf "%s\t",$i;print ""}'  RS= ORS='\n' OFS='\t' file
Event_date      Error_code      Event_type      Duration        Missing_provider_id
20190512044638  5858    GPRS data       772     46009
20190512044638  780678
20190512064535  5858    GPRS data       2172    722310

可以将

NR==1 {print $1,$3,$5,$7,$9}设置为某些静态标头，例如NR==1 {print "F1","F2","F3","F4","F5"}等

NR==1 {print $1,$3,$5,$7,$9} can be set to some static header like NR==1 {print "F1","F2","F3","F4","F5"} etc

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