gcc当前目录是否为默认静态库，动态库和标头搜索路径? [英] Is the current directory default static library, dynamic library, and header search paths for gcc?

问题描述

GCC简介有一个示例:

Introduction to GCC has an example:

$ gcc -Wall -L. main.c -lhello -o hello 

需要选项"-L."才能将当前目录添加到库搜索路径.

The option ‘-L.’ is needed to add the current directory to the library search path.

这是否意味着当前目录不是静态库文件的默认搜索路径，因此需要通过-L.添加到库搜索路径中吗?

Does it mean that the current directory is not a default search path for static library files, so needs to be added to the library search path by -L.?

与动态库文件搜索类似的问题.当前目录是动态库文件的默认搜索路径，还是我们需要通过--rpath .将当前目录添加到动态库搜索路径?

Similar question for dynamic library file search. Is the current directory is a default search path for dynamic library files, or do we need to add the current directory to the dynamic library search paths by --rpath .?

与头文件搜索类似的问题.当前目录是头文件的默认搜索路径，还是我们需要通过-I.将当前目录添加到头文件搜索路径? 以下示例是否暗示当前目录是头文件的默认搜索路径，并且我们不需要通过-I.将当前目录添加到头文件搜索路径?

Similar question for header file search. Is the current directory is a default search path for header files , or do we need to add the current directory to the header search paths by -I.? Does the following example imply that the current directory is a default search path for header files , and we don't need to add the current directory to the header search paths by -I.?

$ ls main.c hello.h
hello.h  main.c

$ cat main.c
#include "hello.h"
int
main (void)
{
  hello ("world");
  return 0;
}

$ gcc -c main.c
$

推荐答案

当前工作目录不属于编译器默认库或标头搜索路径的一部分.

The current working directory is not part of the compiler's default library or header search paths.

但是，形式为#include "file"的包含(带引号)将始终搜索当前工作目录，而不管其是否位于标题搜索路径上.因此，只有在使用#include <file>将文件包含在项目目录中时，才需要-I.(您实际上不应该这样做，因为它会使尝试读取您的代码的人迷惑).

However, includes of the form #include "file" (with quotation marks) will always search the current working directory, regardless of whether it is on the header search path or not. As such, -I. is only necessary if you are including files in the project directory using #include <file> (which you really shouldn't do, because it'll confuse anyone trying to read your code).

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