git忽略除一个扩展名和文件夹结构以外的所有文件 [英] git ignore all files except one extension and folder structure

问题描述

这是我的.gitignore:

This is my .gitignore:

#ignore all kind of files
*
#except php files
!*.php

我只想忽略除.php文件以外的所有类型的文件，但是有了.gitignore，我也忽略了文件夹...

All I want is to ignore all kind of files except the .php ones, but with this .gitignore I'm also ignoring folders...

是否有一种方法可以告诉git接受我的项目文件夹结构，同时仅跟踪.php文件?

Is there a way to tell git to accept my project folder structure while keeping the track only of the .php files?

似乎现在我无法将文件夹添加到我的仓库中了:

It seems like now I can't add folders to my repo:

vivo@vivoPC:~/workspace/motor$ git add my_folder/
The following paths are ignored by one of your .gitignore files:
my_folder
Use -f if you really want to add them.
fatal: no files added

推荐答案

这很简单，只需在.gitignore

#ignore all kind of files
*
#except php files
!*.php
!my_folder

最后一行将特别注意my_folder，并且不会忽略其中的任何php文件；但是由于*的第一个模式，其他文件夹中的文件仍将被忽略.

The last line will take special care of my_folder, and will not ignore any php files within it; but files within other folders will still be ignored because of the first pattern of *.

编辑

我想我误解了你的问题.如果要忽略除.php文件以外的所有文件，可以使用

I think I misread your question. If you want to ignore all files except .php files, you can use

#ignore all kind of files
*.*
#except php files
!*.php

这不会忽略任何没有扩展名的文件(例如:如果您具有README而不是README.txt)，并且将忽略名称中带有.的任何文件夹(例如:目录名为module.1).

This will not ignore any file which doesn't have an extension (example: if you have README and not README.txt ), and will ignore any folder with a . in its name (example: directory named module.1).

FWIW， git无法跟踪目录，因此无法为目录和文件指定忽略规则

FWIW, git doesn't track directories, and hence there is no way to specify ignore rules for directory vs file

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