是否有可能为类继承父类的annotaions [英] Is it possible for class to inherit the annotaions of the super class
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问题描述
我使用Spring框架事务注解事务管理，我有@Transactional注解为抽象类如下所示：
I'm using Spring Framework transactional annotations for transaction managing and i have an abstract class annotated @Transactional as seen below:
package org.tts.maqraa.service;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityNotFoundException;
import javax.persistence.PersistenceContext;
import javax.persistence.PersistenceContextType;
import javax.persistence.Query;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
/**
* Parts of this code have been copied from JARVANA site.
*
* @author Younis alomoush
*
*/
@Transactional(propagation=Propagation.REQUIRED)
public abstract class AbstractMaqraaService implements MaqraaService {
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());
private int defaultMaxResults = DEFAULT_MAX_RESULTS;
@PersistenceContext(type=PersistenceContextType.TRANSACTION)
private EntityManager em;
/**
* The {@link EntityManager} which is used by all query manipulation and
* execution in this DAO.
*
* @return the {@link EntityManager}
*/
public EntityManager getEntityManager(){
return em;
}
/*
* (non-Javadoc)
*
* @see org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#getTypes()
*/
public abstract Set<Class<?>> getTypes();
/*
* (non-Javadoc)
*
* @see org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#store(java.lang.Object)
*/
@Transactional(propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED)
public <T extends Object> T store(T toStore) {
return getEntityManager().merge(toStore);
}
/*
* (non-Javadoc)
*
* @see org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#remove(java.lang.Object)
*/
@Transactional(propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED)
public void remove(Object toRemove) {
toRemove = getEntityManager().merge(toRemove);
getEntityManager().remove(toRemove);
}
/*
* (non-Javadoc)
*
* @see org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#flush()
*/
@Transactional(propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED)
public void flush() {
getEntityManager().flush();
}
/*
* (non-Javadoc)
*
* @see org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#refresh(java.lang.Object)
*/
@Transactional(propagation = Propagation.SUPPORTS)
public void refresh(Object o) {
try {
if (o != null) {
if (o instanceof java.util.Collection) {
for (Iterator<?> i = ((Collection<?>) o).iterator(); i
.hasNext();) {
try {
refresh(i.next());
} catch (EntityNotFoundException x) {
// This entity has been deleted - remove it from the
// collection
i.remove();
}
}
} else {
if (getTypes().contains(o.getClass())) {
getEntityManager().refresh(o);
}
}
}
} catch (EntityNotFoundException x) {
// This entity has been deleted
}
}
/*
* (non-Javadoc)
*
* @see org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#setDefaultMaxResults(int)
*/
@Transactional(propagation = Propagation.SUPPORTS)
public void setDefaultMaxResults(int defaultMaxResults) {
this.defaultMaxResults = defaultMaxResults;
}
/*
* (non-Javadoc)
*
* @see org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#getDefaultMaxResults()
*/
public int getDefaultMaxResults() {
return defaultMaxResults;
}
/*
* (non-Javadoc)
*
* @see
* org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#executeQueryByNameSingleResult(java
* .lang.String)
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public <T extends Object> T executeQueryByNameSingleResult(String queryName) {
return (T) executeQueryByNameSingleResult(queryName, (Object[]) null);
}
/*
* (non-Javadoc)
*
* @see
* org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#executeQueryByNameSingleResult(java
* .lang.String, java.lang.Object[])
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public <T extends Object> T executeQueryByNameSingleResult(
String queryName, Object... parameters) {
Query query = createNamedQuery(queryName, DEFAULT_FIRST_RESULT_INDEX,
1, parameters);
return (T) query.getSingleResult();
}
/*
* (non-Javadoc)
*
* @see
* org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#executeQueryByName(java.lang.String)
*/
public <T extends Object> List<T> executeQueryByName(String queryName) {
return executeQueryByName(queryName, DEFAULT_FIRST_RESULT_INDEX,
getDefaultMaxResults());
}
/*
* (non-Javadoc)
*
* @see
* org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#executeQueryByName(java.lang.String,
* java.lang.Integer, java.lang.Integer)
*/
public <T extends Object> List<T> executeQueryByName(String queryName,
Integer firstResult, Integer maxResults) {
return executeQueryByName(queryName, firstResult, maxResults,
(Object[]) null);
}
/*
* (non-Javadoc)
*
* @see
* org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#executeQueryByName(java.lang.String,
* java.lang.Object[])
*/
public <T extends Object> List<T> executeQueryByName(String queryName,
Object... parameters) {
return executeQueryByName(queryName, DEFAULT_FIRST_RESULT_INDEX,
getDefaultMaxResults(), parameters);
}
/*
* (non-Javadoc)
*
* @see
* org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#executeQueryByName(java.lang.String,
* java.lang.Integer, java.lang.Integer, java.lang.Object[])
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public <T extends Object> List<T> executeQueryByName(String queryName,
Integer firstResult, Integer maxResults, Object... parameters) {
Query query = createNamedQuery(queryName, firstResult, maxResults,
parameters);
return query.getResultList();
}
/*
* (non-Javadoc)
*
* @see org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#createNamedQuery(java.lang.String,
* java.lang.Integer, java.lang.Integer)
*/
public Query createNamedQuery(String queryName, Integer firstResult,
Integer maxResults) {
return createNamedQuery(queryName, firstResult, maxResults,
(Object[]) null);
}
/*
* (non-Javadoc)
*
* @see org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#createNamedQuery(java.lang.String,
* java.lang.Integer, java.lang.Integer, java.lang.Object[])
*/
public Query createNamedQuery(String queryName, Integer firstResult,
Integer maxResults, Object... parameters) {
Query query = getEntityManager().createNamedQuery(queryName);
if (parameters != null) {
for (int i = 0; i < parameters.length; i++) {
query.setParameter(i + 1, parameters[i]);
}
}
query.setFirstResult(firstResult == null || firstResult < 0 ? DEFAULT_FIRST_RESULT_INDEX
: firstResult);
if (maxResults != null && maxResults > 0)
query.setMaxResults(maxResults);
return query;
}
/*
* (non-Javadoc)
*
* @see org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#executeQuery(java.lang.String,
* java.lang.Integer, java.lang.Integer, java.lang.Object[])
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public <T extends Object> List<T> executeQuery(String queryString,
Integer firstResult, Integer maxResults, Object... parameters) {
Query query = createQuery(queryString, firstResult, maxResults,
parameters);
return query.getResultList();
}
/*
* (non-Javadoc)
*
* @see org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#executeQuery(java.lang.String,
* java.lang.Object[])
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public <T extends Object> List<T> executeQuery(String queryString,
Object... parameters) {
Query query = createQuery(queryString, DEFAULT_FIRST_RESULT_INDEX,
getDefaultMaxResults(), parameters);
return query.getResultList();
}
/*
* (non-Javadoc)
*
* @see
* org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#executeQuerySingleResult(java.lang.
* String)
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public <T extends Object> T executeQuerySingleResult(String queryString) {
return (T) executeQuerySingleResult(queryString, (Object[]) null);
}
/*
* (non-Javadoc)
*
* @see
* org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#executeQuerySingleResult(java.lang.
* String, java.lang.Object[])
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public <T extends Object> T executeQuerySingleResult(String queryString,
Object... parameters) {
Query query = createQuery(queryString, DEFAULT_FIRST_RESULT_INDEX, 1,
parameters);
return (T) query.getSingleResult();
}
/*
* (non-Javadoc)
*
* @see org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#createQuery(java.lang.String,
* java.lang.Integer, java.lang.Integer)
*/
public Query createQuery(String queryString, Integer firstResult,
Integer maxResults) {
return createQuery(queryString, firstResult, maxResults,
(Object[]) null);
}
/*
* (non-Javadoc)
*
* @see org.skyway.spring.util.dao.JpaDao#createQuery(java.lang.String,
* java.lang.Integer, java.lang.Integer, java.lang.Object[])
*/
public Query createQuery(String queryString, Integer firstResult,
Integer maxResults, Object... parameters) {
Query query = getEntityManager().createQuery(queryString);
if (parameters != null) {
for (int i = 0; i < parameters.length; i++) {
query.setParameter(i + 1, parameters[i]);
}
}
query.setFirstResult(firstResult == null || firstResult < 0 ? DEFAULT_FIRST_RESULT_INDEX
: firstResult);
if (maxResults != null && maxResults > 0)
query.setMaxResults(maxResults);
return query;
}
public final void log(LogLevel logLevel, String message,
Object... messageParam) {
switch (logLevel) {
case TRACE:
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace(message, messageParam);
}
break;
case DEBUG:
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug(message, messageParam);
}
break;
case INFO:
if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
logger.info(message, messageParam);
}
break;
case WARN:
if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
logger.warn(message, messageParam);
}
break;
case ERROR:
if (logger.isErrorEnabled()) {
logger.error(message, messageParam);
}
break;
default:
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Log Level is not defined: "
+ logLevel);
}
}
public final void log(LogLevel logLevel, String message, Throwable throwable) {
switch (logLevel) {
case TRACE:
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace(message, throwable);
}
break;
case DEBUG:
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug(message, throwable);
}
break;
case INFO:
if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
logger.info(message, throwable);
}
break;
case WARN:
if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
logger.warn(message, throwable);
}
break;
case ERROR:
if (logger.isErrorEnabled()) {
logger.error(message, throwable);
}
break;
default:
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Log Level is not defined: "
+ logLevel);
}
}
public enum LogLevel{
TRACE, DEBUG, INFO, WARN, ERROR;
}
}
另外，我还有一个具体的类
Also, i have another concrete class
package org.tts.maqraa.service;
import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;
import org.tts.maqraa.data.Student;
public class StudentsService extends AbstractMaqraaService {
@Override
public Set<Class<?>> getTypes() {
Set<Class<?>> set = new HashSet<Class<?>>();
set.add(Student.class);
return set;
}
public Student registerStudent(Student student) {
Annotation [] annotation = StudentsService.class.getAnnotations();
System.out.println(annotation);
return this.store(student);
}
public Student editStudent(Student student){
return this.store(student);
}
public void deregisterStudent(Student student){
this.remove(student);
}
public List<Student> findAllStudents(){
return this.executeQueryByName("Student.findAll");
}
}
如果您发现该方法注册学生已经提供了code为检查标注在那里我真正找到了@Transactional注解。
If you notice that the method register student has already provided code for examine the annotations where i'm really find the @Transactional annotation.
这是一个矛盾的地方我有注释的继承另一个联系洽谈，并说有没有在所有的继承。
That's is a contradiction where i have another link talks about inheritance of annotations and it says that there is no inheritance at all.
查看此链接：<一个href=\"http://fusionsoft-online.com/articles-java-annotations.php\">http://fusionsoft-online.com/articles-java-annotations.php
谁能帮我解决这个矛盾呢？
can anyone help me to solve this contradiction ?
推荐答案
注解继承工作原理基本相同的方式，方法或字段继承。
Annotation inheritance works basically the same way as inheritance of methods or fields.
既然你只能通过反射访问注释，也有类两种基本方法：
Since you can access annotations only through reflection, there are two basic methods in Class:
-
getAnnotations（）返回对当前类的所有注释的超类 -
getDeclaredAnnotations（）返回在当前类中的所有批注
getAnnotations()returns all annotations on the current class and its super classesgetDeclaredAnnotations()returns all annotations on the current class
问题您链接有关谈判的文章是方法＃getAnnotation（...）访问 declaredAnnotations（）返回在类中定义的注解，而不是那些超级类。
The problem the article you linked talks about is that Method#getAnnotation(...) accesses declaredAnnotations() of the class the method has been defined in, which as stated above only returns the annotations defined in that class and not those of the super classes.
这意味着，如果重写与 @Transactional 注释你必须添加注释那里（的方法之一，或者如果框架也看起来类注解它应该找到 @Transactional 宣布 AbstractMaqraaService ）。
This means that if you override one of the methods annotated with @Transactional you'd have to add the annotation there (or if the frameworks also looks in the class annotation it should find the @Transactional declared on AbstractMaqraaService).
这篇关于是否有可能为类继承父类的annotaions的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！
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