如何清除图tkinter [英] how to Clear graph tkinter

问题描述

使用此代码，我想制作动态图形，我想每60秒使我的图形清晰可见，但是我无法使其与cla()和clf()一起使用，这是怎么回事? 除了使用cla()和clf()之外，还有其他方法可以清除图形吗?

well with this code I want to make dynamic graph, I want to make my graph clear every 60 second, but I cant make it work with cla() and clf(), what is wrong? is there any otherway to clear graph except using cla() and clf()?

#import lib client paho mqtt
from Tkinter import *
from ttk import *
from datetime import datetime
import matplotlib
import paho.mqtt.client as mqtt
import redis, time
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
from matplotlib import style 
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.pyplot import get_current_fig_manager

mqttc = mqtt.Client("serverclient",clean_session=False)#inisialisasi mqtt client
r = redis.Redis("localhost",6379)
start = time.time()
date = datetime.now().strftime('%S')
f = Figure(figsize=(5,4), dpi=100)
a = f.add_subplot(111)
b = f.add_subplot(111)
style.use('ggplot')
matplotlib.use("TkAgg")
suhu=30
cahaya=50


def mqttx():
    #fungsi callback
    def on_message(mqttc,obj,msg):
        global LED1
        global LED2
        datasuhu = r.lrange("suhu",-1,-1)
        datacahaya = r.lrange("cahaya",-1,-1)
        print "Telah Diterima message : "+msg.payload+" topik "+msg.topic
        r.rpush(msg.topic,msg.payload)

    mqttc.on_message =  on_message

    mqttc.connect("localhost",1883)

    mqttc.subscribe("suhu")
    mqttc.subscribe("cahaya")

class Example(Frame):
    def __init__(self, parent):
        Frame.__init__(self, parent)
        self.parent = parent
        self.initUI()

        self.graph()

    def initUI(self):

        self.parent.title("Subcriber")
        self.style = Style()
        self.style.theme_use("default")
        self.pack(fill=BOTH, expand=1)

        self.xList1 = []
        self.yList1 = []
        self.canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(f, self)

        self.canvas.show()
        self.canvas.get_tk_widget().pack(expand=True)
        thismanager = get_current_fig_manager()
        thismanager.window.wm_geometry("+500+0")


    def graph(self):
        suhu1 = r.lrange("suhu",-1,-1)
        cahaya1 = r.lrange("cahaya",-1,-1)
        date = datetime.now().strftime('%S')
        join1=str(''.join(suhu1))
        suhugraph=float(join1)

        join2=str(''.join(cahaya1))
        cahayagraph=float(join2)

        self.xList1.append(date)
        self.yList1.append(suhugraph)
        a.clear()
        a.axis([0, 100, 0, 60])
        a.plot(self.xList1, self.yList1,"r-")

        if date=="00" :
            plt.clf()
            plt.cla()
        else:

            self.canvas.draw()

        self.after(1000, self.graph)

def main():
    root = Tk()
    root.geometry("1500x1400+300+300")
    app = Example(root)

    root.mainloop()

if __name__ == '__main__':

    mqttx()
    mqttc.loop_start()
    main()

推荐答案

要清除图形，您必须从self.xList1和self.yList1

To clear graph you have to remove data from self.xList1 and self.yList1

self.xList1 = []
self.yList1 = []

因为清除图(a.clear()/plt.clf()/plt.cla())之后，您仍然在列表中有数据，然后再次绘制它们.

because after clearing plot (a.clear()/plt.clf()/plt.cla()) you still have data in lists and you draw them again.

我无法使用Redis和mqtt运行您的代码，所以我使用random制作了版本

I can't run your code with Redis and mqtt so I made version with random

import matplotlib
matplotlib.use("TkAgg")
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.figure import Figure

import Tkinter as tk
from datetime import datetime

import random

# --- classes --- (CamelCase names)

class Example(tk.Frame):

    def __init__(self, parent):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
        # you don't need self.parent - tk.Frame sets self.master = parent        
        self.pack(expand=True, fill='both') # put frame inside Tk() window (and resize)

        self.x_list_1 = []
        self.y_list_1 = []

        self.initUI()

        self.draw()

    def initUI(self):
        self.fig = Figure(figsize=(5, 4), dpi=100)
        self.a = self.fig.add_subplot(111)
        self.a.axis((0, 100, 0, 60))

        self.canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(self.fig, self)
        self.canvas.get_tk_widget().pack(expand=True, fill='both')

    def draw(self):

        date = datetime.now().strftime('%S')
        suhugraph = random.randint(1, 60)

        if date == "00":
            self.a.clear()
            self.a.axis((0, 100, 0, 60))
            self.x_list_1 = []
            self.y_list_1 = []

        self.x_list_1.append(date)
        self.y_list_1.append(suhugraph)

        self.a.plot(self.x_list_1, self.y_list_1, "r-")
        self.canvas.draw()

        self.after(1000, self.draw)

# --- functions --- (lower_case names)

def main():
    root = tk.Tk()
    app = Example(root)
    root.mainloop()

# --- main ---

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

BTW: matplotlib:清除绘图，何时使用cla()，clf()或close()?

关于调整大小后的响应-问题可能是代码中的两个循环:root.mainloop()，可能还有mqttc.loop_start().我无法使用mqttc运行代码，因此无法对其进行测试.

As for responding after resizing - problem can be two loops in code: root.mainloop() and probably mqttc.loop_start(). I can't run code with mqttc so I can't test it.

顺便说一句:在没有plot()和clear()

BTW: updating plot without plot() and clear()

首先，您创建一个空行

self.line, = self.a.plot([], [], "r-")

然后您替换行中的所有数据

and later you replace all data in line

self.line.set_xdata( self.x_list_1 )
self.line.set_ydata( self.y_list_1 )

因此您不需要clear()并重新设置轴.

so you don't need clear() and set axis again.

import matplotlib
matplotlib.use("TkAgg")
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.figure import Figure

import Tkinter as tk
from datetime import datetime

import random

# --- classes --- (CamelCase names)

class Example(tk.Frame):

    def __init__(self, parent):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
        # you don't need self.parent - tk.Frame sets self.master = parent        
        self.pack(expand=True, fill='both') # put frame inside Tk() window (and resize)

        self.x_list_1 = []
        self.y_list_1 = []

        self.initUI()

        self.draw()

    def initUI(self):
        self.fig = Figure(figsize=(5, 4), dpi=100)
        self.a = self.fig.add_subplot(111)
        self.a.axis((0, 100, 0, 60))

        self.canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(self.fig, self)
        self.canvas.get_tk_widget().pack(expand=True, fill='both')

        # create empty line 
        self.line, = self.a.plot([], [], "r-")

    def draw(self):

        date = datetime.now().strftime('%S')
        suhugraph = random.randint(1, 60)

        if date == "00":
            self.x_list_1 = []
            self.y_list_1 = []

        self.x_list_1.append(date)
        self.y_list_1.append(suhugraph)

        # update data in line without `plot()` (and without `clear()`)
        self.line.set_xdata( self.x_list_1 )
        self.line.set_ydata( self.y_list_1 )

        self.canvas.draw()

        self.after(1000, self.draw)

# --- functions --- (lower_case names)

def main():
    root = tk.Tk()
    app = Example(root)
    root.mainloop()

# --- main ---

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

这篇关于如何清除图tkinter的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！