如何生成具有定制形状的节点? [英] How to generate nodes with customized shape?

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本文介绍了如何生成具有定制形状的节点?的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习吧！

问题描述

HERE 是一个非常好的示例，它说明了如何使用graphviz生成复杂的图形. 点文件在此处列出.

digraph G {
    compound=true;
    ranksep=1.25;
    label="From Past to Future...";

    node [shape=plaintext, fontsize=16];

    bgcolor=white;
    edge [arrowsize=1, color=black];

    /* Nodes */
    subgraph cluster_Computers {label="Computers"; labelloc="b"; Computers_icon};
    Computers_icon [label="", shape=box, style=invis, shapefile="Computers.png"];

    subgraph cluster_Semantic_Web {label="Semantic Web"; labelloc="b"; Semantic_Web_icon};
    Semantic_Web_icon [label="", shape=box, style=invis, shapefile="Semantic_Web.png"];

    subgraph cluster_Cryptography {label="Cryptography"; labelloc="b"; Cryptography_icon};
    Cryptography_icon [label="", shape=box, style=invis, shapefile="Cryptography.png"];

    subgraph cluster_Automata {label="Automata"; labelloc="b"; Automata_icon};
    Automata_icon [label="", shape=box, style=invis, shapefile="Automata.png"];

    subgraph cluster_AI {label="A.I."; labelloc="b"; AI_icon};
    AI_icon [label="", shape=box, style=invis, shapefile="AI.png"];

    subgraph cluster_Chaos {label="Chaos / Fractals"; labelloc="b"; Chaos_icon};
    Chaos_icon [label="", shape=box, style=invis, shapefile="Chaos.png"];

    subgraph cluster_XML {label="XML / RDF / URI"; labelloc="b"; XML_icon};
    XML_icon [label="", shape=box, style=invis, shapefile="XML.png"];

    subgraph cluster_Ontology {label="Ontology / Clustering"; labelloc="b"; Ontology_icon};
    Ontology_icon [label="", shape=box, style=invis, shapefile="Ontology.png"];

    subgraph cluster_Biology {label="Biology / Neurons"; labelloc="b"; Biology_icon};
    Biology_icon [label="", shape=box, style=invis, shapefile="Biology.png"];

    subgraph cluster_Agents {label="Agents / Security"; labelloc="b"; Agents_icon};
    Agents_icon [label="", shape=box, style=invis, shapefile="Agents.png"];

    subgraph cluster_Small_World {label="The Small World Project"; labelloc="b"; Small_World_icon};
    Small_World_icon [label="", shape=box, style=invis, shapefile="Small_World.png"];

    subgraph cluster_Social_Networks {label="Social Networks"; labelloc="b"; Social_Networks_icon};
    Social_Networks_icon [label="", shape=box, style=invis, shapefile="Social_Networks.png"];

    subgraph cluster_Search_Engines {label="Search Engines"; labelloc="b"; Search_Engines_icon};
    Search_Engines_icon [label="", shape=box, style=invis, shapefile="Search_Engines.png"];

    subgraph cluster_Turing {label="A. Turing"; labelloc="b"; Turing_icon};
    Turing_icon [label="", shape=box, style=invis, shapefile="Turing.png"];

    subgraph cluster_Rejewski {label="M. Rejewski"; labelloc="b"; Rejewski_icon};
    Rejewski_icon [label="", shape=box, style=invis, shapefile="Rejewski.png"];

    subgraph cluster_Dertouzos {label="M. Dertouzos"; labelloc="b"; Dertouzos_icon};
    Dertouzos_icon [label="", shape=box, style=invis, shapefile="Dertouzos.png"];

    subgraph cluster_Berners_Lee {label="T. Berners-Lee"; labelloc="b"; Berners_Lee_icon};
    Berners_Lee_icon [label="", shape=box, style=invis, shapefile="Berners_Lee.png"];

    /* Relationships */
    Computers_icon -> Semantic_Web_icon;
    Semantic_Web_icon -> Computers_icon;
    Cryptography_icon -> Semantic_Web_icon;
    Cryptography_icon -> Computers_icon;
    Automata_icon -> Computers_icon;
    AI_icon -> Automata_icon;
    Automata_icon -> AI_icon;
    Chaos_icon -> Computers_icon;
    Chaos_icon -> AI_icon;
    AI_icon -> Chaos_icon;
    Computers_icon -> Chaos_icon;
    XML_icon -> Semantic_Web_icon;
    XML_icon -> Computers_icon;
    Computers_icon -> XML_icon;
    Ontology_icon -> Semantic_Web_icon;
    Biology_icon -> AI_icon;
    Biology_icon -> Chaos_icon;
    Chaos_icon -> Biology_icon;
    Chaos_icon -> Semantic_Web_icon;
    Agents_icon -> Semantic_Web_icon;
    Semantic_Web_icon -> Agents_icon;
    Agents_icon -> AI_icon;
    AI_icon -> Agents_icon;
    Small_World_icon -> Chaos_icon;
    Small_World_icon -> Agents_icon;
    Small_World_icon -> Biology_icon;
    Biology_icon -> Small_World_icon;
    Social_Networks_icon -> Small_World_icon;
    Social_Networks_icon -> Biology_icon;
    Search_Engines_icon -> Semantic_Web_icon;
    Computers_icon -> Search_Engines_icon;
    Turing_icon -> Cryptography_icon;
    Turing_icon -> Computers_icon;
    Turing_icon -> Automata_icon;
    Rejewski_icon -> Turing_icon;
    Rejewski_icon -> Cryptography_icon;
    Dertouzos_icon -> Computers_icon;
    Dertouzos_icon -> Berners_Lee_icon;
    Berners_Lee_icon -> Semantic_Web_icon;


    { rank=same; Rejewski_icon; Turing_icon; Dertouzos_icon; Berners_Lee_icon };
    { rank=same; Biology_icon; AI_icon; Social_Networks_icon };

}

我在出现警告的情况下运行dot -Tpng -ofrom-past-to-future.png from-past-to-future.dot 

C:\dot>dot -Tpng -ofrom-past-to-future.png from-past-to-future.dot
Warning: AI_icon was already in a rankset, deleted from cluster G
Warning: Biology_icon was already in a rankset, deleted from cluster G
Warning: Social_Networks_icon was already in a rankset, deleted from cluster G
Warning: Turing_icon was already in a rankset, deleted from cluster G
Warning: Rejewski_icon was already in a rankset, deleted from cluster G
Warning: Dertouzos_icon was already in a rankset, deleted from cluster G
Warning: Berners_Lee_icon was already in a rankset, deleted from cluster G

我试图修改点文件，但无法获得与原始帖子相同的png图像. 如何处理?

解决方案

这是经过修改的脚本，可与graphviz的当前版本一起使用.请注意，您需要将所有图像与脚本放在同一目录中.

我所做的更改:

  • 清理了冗余属性声明(label=""，labelloc等)
  • 使用image属性代替旧的shapefile
  • 从节点中删除了shape=box和style=invis
  • 添加了penwidth=0以消除群集边界
  • 将图形标签放在底部(应该始终在底部)
  • 评论了排名限制. same节点不能是不同子图的一部分.

当然，这不会复制完全相同的图形.重新创建排名约束将需要更多的创造力，主要是因为每个节点都打包到其自己的群集中以便为其添加标签...太过分了.您可以在没有群集的情况下尝试相同的操作，但是使用新的 xlabel 属性.

我添加了第二个版本，其中取消了rank=same子图的注释，并将它们放在群集的定义之前.然后Graphviz将创建一个输出，但是这些节点没有任何标签.

这是脚本:

 digraph G {
    compound=true;
    ranksep=1.25;

    node [shape=plaintext, fontsize=16, label=""];

    bgcolor=white;
    edge [arrowsize=1, color=black];
    graph[penwidth=0, labelloc="b"];

    /* Nodes */
    //{ rank=same; Rejewski_icon; Turing_icon; Dertouzos_icon; Berners_Lee_icon };
    //{ rank=same; Biology_icon; AI_icon; Social_Networks_icon };

    subgraph cluster_Computers {label="Computers"; Computers_icon[image="Computers.png"];};
    subgraph cluster_Semantic_Web {label="Semantic Web"; Semantic_Web_icon[image="Semantic_Web.png"];};
    subgraph cluster_Cryptography {label="Cryptography"; Cryptography_icon[image="Cryptography.png"];};
    subgraph cluster_Automata {label="Automata"; Automata_icon[image="Automata.png"];};
    subgraph cluster_AI {label="A.I."; AI_icon[image="AI.png"];};
    subgraph cluster_Chaos {label="Chaos / Fractals"; Chaos_icon[image="Chaos.png"];};
    subgraph cluster_XML {label="XML / RDF / URI"; XML_icon[image="XML.png"];};
    subgraph cluster_Ontology {label="Ontology / Clustering"; Ontology_icon[image="Ontology.png"];};
    subgraph cluster_Biology {label="Biology / Neurons"; Biology_icon[image="Biology.png"];};
    subgraph cluster_Agents {label="Agents / Security"; Agents_icon[image="Agents.png"];};
    subgraph cluster_Small_World {label="The Small World Project"; Small_World_icon[image="Small_World.png"];};
    subgraph cluster_Social_Networks {label="Social Networks"; Social_Networks_icon[image="Social_Networks.png"];};
    subgraph cluster_Search_Engines {label="Search Engines"; Search_Engines_icon[image="Search_Engines.png"];};
    subgraph cluster_Turing {label="A. Turing"; Turing_icon[image="Turing.png"];};
    subgraph cluster_Rejewski {label="M. Rejewski"; Rejewski_icon[image="Rejewski.png"];};
    subgraph cluster_Dertouzos {label="M. Dertouzos"; Dertouzos_icon[image="Dertouzos.png"];};
    subgraph cluster_Berners_Lee {label="T. Berners-Lee"; Berners_Lee_icon[image="Berners_Lee.png"];};


    /* Relationships */
    Agents_icon -> {AI_icon Semantic_Web_icon};
    AI_icon -> {Agents_icon Automata_icon Chaos_icon};
    Automata_icon -> {AI_icon Computers_icon};
    Berners_Lee_icon -> Semantic_Web_icon;
    Biology_icon -> {AI_icon Chaos_icon Small_World_icon};
    Chaos_icon -> {AI_icon Biology_icon Computers_icon Semantic_Web_icon};
    Computers_icon -> {Chaos_icon Search_Engines_icon Semantic_Web_icon XML_icon};
    Cryptography_icon -> {Computers_icon Semantic_Web_icon};
    Dertouzos_icon -> {Berners_Lee_icon Computers_icon};
    Ontology_icon -> Semantic_Web_icon;
    Rejewski_icon -> {Cryptography_icon Turing_icon};
    Search_Engines_icon -> Semantic_Web_icon;
    Semantic_Web_icon -> {Agents_icon Computers_icon};
    Small_World_icon -> {Agents_icon Biology_icon Chaos_icon};
    Social_Networks_icon -> {Biology_icon Small_World_icon};
    Turing_icon -> {Automata_icon Computers_icon Cryptography_icon};
    XML_icon -> {Computers_icon Semantic_Web_icon};

    fontsize=28;
    label="From Past to Future...";
}

这就是它的样子:

第二个变体，其中rank=same个子图未注释:

HERE is a very good example that illustrates how to generate complex graphs using graphviz. The dot file is listed here.

digraph G {
    compound=true;
    ranksep=1.25;
    label="From Past to Future...";

    node [shape=plaintext, fontsize=16];

    bgcolor=white;
    edge [arrowsize=1, color=black];

    /* Nodes */
    subgraph cluster_Computers {label="Computers"; labelloc="b"; Computers_icon};
    Computers_icon [label="", shape=box, style=invis, shapefile="Computers.png"];

    subgraph cluster_Semantic_Web {label="Semantic Web"; labelloc="b"; Semantic_Web_icon};
    Semantic_Web_icon [label="", shape=box, style=invis, shapefile="Semantic_Web.png"];

    subgraph cluster_Cryptography {label="Cryptography"; labelloc="b"; Cryptography_icon};
    Cryptography_icon [label="", shape=box, style=invis, shapefile="Cryptography.png"];

    subgraph cluster_Automata {label="Automata"; labelloc="b"; Automata_icon};
    Automata_icon [label="", shape=box, style=invis, shapefile="Automata.png"];

    subgraph cluster_AI {label="A.I."; labelloc="b"; AI_icon};
    AI_icon [label="", shape=box, style=invis, shapefile="AI.png"];

    subgraph cluster_Chaos {label="Chaos / Fractals"; labelloc="b"; Chaos_icon};
    Chaos_icon [label="", shape=box, style=invis, shapefile="Chaos.png"];

    subgraph cluster_XML {label="XML / RDF / URI"; labelloc="b"; XML_icon};
    XML_icon [label="", shape=box, style=invis, shapefile="XML.png"];

    subgraph cluster_Ontology {label="Ontology / Clustering"; labelloc="b"; Ontology_icon};
    Ontology_icon [label="", shape=box, style=invis, shapefile="Ontology.png"];

    subgraph cluster_Biology {label="Biology / Neurons"; labelloc="b"; Biology_icon};
    Biology_icon [label="", shape=box, style=invis, shapefile="Biology.png"];

    subgraph cluster_Agents {label="Agents / Security"; labelloc="b"; Agents_icon};
    Agents_icon [label="", shape=box, style=invis, shapefile="Agents.png"];

    subgraph cluster_Small_World {label="The Small World Project"; labelloc="b"; Small_World_icon};
    Small_World_icon [label="", shape=box, style=invis, shapefile="Small_World.png"];

    subgraph cluster_Social_Networks {label="Social Networks"; labelloc="b"; Social_Networks_icon};
    Social_Networks_icon [label="", shape=box, style=invis, shapefile="Social_Networks.png"];

    subgraph cluster_Search_Engines {label="Search Engines"; labelloc="b"; Search_Engines_icon};
    Search_Engines_icon [label="", shape=box, style=invis, shapefile="Search_Engines.png"];

    subgraph cluster_Turing {label="A. Turing"; labelloc="b"; Turing_icon};
    Turing_icon [label="", shape=box, style=invis, shapefile="Turing.png"];

    subgraph cluster_Rejewski {label="M. Rejewski"; labelloc="b"; Rejewski_icon};
    Rejewski_icon [label="", shape=box, style=invis, shapefile="Rejewski.png"];

    subgraph cluster_Dertouzos {label="M. Dertouzos"; labelloc="b"; Dertouzos_icon};
    Dertouzos_icon [label="", shape=box, style=invis, shapefile="Dertouzos.png"];

    subgraph cluster_Berners_Lee {label="T. Berners-Lee"; labelloc="b"; Berners_Lee_icon};
    Berners_Lee_icon [label="", shape=box, style=invis, shapefile="Berners_Lee.png"];

    /* Relationships */
    Computers_icon -> Semantic_Web_icon;
    Semantic_Web_icon -> Computers_icon;
    Cryptography_icon -> Semantic_Web_icon;
    Cryptography_icon -> Computers_icon;
    Automata_icon -> Computers_icon;
    AI_icon -> Automata_icon;
    Automata_icon -> AI_icon;
    Chaos_icon -> Computers_icon;
    Chaos_icon -> AI_icon;
    AI_icon -> Chaos_icon;
    Computers_icon -> Chaos_icon;
    XML_icon -> Semantic_Web_icon;
    XML_icon -> Computers_icon;
    Computers_icon -> XML_icon;
    Ontology_icon -> Semantic_Web_icon;
    Biology_icon -> AI_icon;
    Biology_icon -> Chaos_icon;
    Chaos_icon -> Biology_icon;
    Chaos_icon -> Semantic_Web_icon;
    Agents_icon -> Semantic_Web_icon;
    Semantic_Web_icon -> Agents_icon;
    Agents_icon -> AI_icon;
    AI_icon -> Agents_icon;
    Small_World_icon -> Chaos_icon;
    Small_World_icon -> Agents_icon;
    Small_World_icon -> Biology_icon;
    Biology_icon -> Small_World_icon;
    Social_Networks_icon -> Small_World_icon;
    Social_Networks_icon -> Biology_icon;
    Search_Engines_icon -> Semantic_Web_icon;
    Computers_icon -> Search_Engines_icon;
    Turing_icon -> Cryptography_icon;
    Turing_icon -> Computers_icon;
    Turing_icon -> Automata_icon;
    Rejewski_icon -> Turing_icon;
    Rejewski_icon -> Cryptography_icon;
    Dertouzos_icon -> Computers_icon;
    Dertouzos_icon -> Berners_Lee_icon;
    Berners_Lee_icon -> Semantic_Web_icon;


    { rank=same; Rejewski_icon; Turing_icon; Dertouzos_icon; Berners_Lee_icon };
    { rank=same; Biology_icon; AI_icon; Social_Networks_icon };

}

I run dot -Tpng -ofrom-past-to-future.png from-past-to-future.dot with warnings

C:\dot>dot -Tpng -ofrom-past-to-future.png from-past-to-future.dot
Warning: AI_icon was already in a rankset, deleted from cluster G
Warning: Biology_icon was already in a rankset, deleted from cluster G
Warning: Social_Networks_icon was already in a rankset, deleted from cluster G
Warning: Turing_icon was already in a rankset, deleted from cluster G
Warning: Rejewski_icon was already in a rankset, deleted from cluster G
Warning: Dertouzos_icon was already in a rankset, deleted from cluster G
Warning: Berners_Lee_icon was already in a rankset, deleted from cluster G

I tried to modify the dot file but could not get the same png image as the original post. How to approach it?

解决方案

Here's a modified script which works with current versions of graphviz. Please note that you'll need to have all the images in the same directory as the script.

Changes I made:

  • Cleaned up redundant attribute declarations (label="", labelloc, etc.)
  • Used the image attribute instead of the old shapefile
  • Removed shape=box and style=invis from the nodes
  • Added penwidth=0 to get rid of the cluster border
  • Put the graph label at the bottom (should always be at the bottom)
  • Commented out the rank constraints. The same nodes cannot be part of different subgraphs.

This will not reproduce exactly the same graph, of course. Recreating the rank constraints will need some more creativity, mainly because each node is packed into its own cluster in order to attach a label to it... very hacky. You may try the same without clusters, but with the new xlabel attribute.

I added a second version, in which I uncommented the rank=same subgraphs and placed them before the definition of the clusters. Graphviz will then create an output, but without any labels for those nodes.

Here's the script:

digraph G {
    compound=true;
    ranksep=1.25;

    node [shape=plaintext, fontsize=16, label=""];

    bgcolor=white;
    edge [arrowsize=1, color=black];
    graph[penwidth=0, labelloc="b"];

    /* Nodes */
    //{ rank=same; Rejewski_icon; Turing_icon; Dertouzos_icon; Berners_Lee_icon };
    //{ rank=same; Biology_icon; AI_icon; Social_Networks_icon };

    subgraph cluster_Computers {label="Computers"; Computers_icon[image="Computers.png"];};
    subgraph cluster_Semantic_Web {label="Semantic Web"; Semantic_Web_icon[image="Semantic_Web.png"];};
    subgraph cluster_Cryptography {label="Cryptography"; Cryptography_icon[image="Cryptography.png"];};
    subgraph cluster_Automata {label="Automata"; Automata_icon[image="Automata.png"];};
    subgraph cluster_AI {label="A.I."; AI_icon[image="AI.png"];};
    subgraph cluster_Chaos {label="Chaos / Fractals"; Chaos_icon[image="Chaos.png"];};
    subgraph cluster_XML {label="XML / RDF / URI"; XML_icon[image="XML.png"];};
    subgraph cluster_Ontology {label="Ontology / Clustering"; Ontology_icon[image="Ontology.png"];};
    subgraph cluster_Biology {label="Biology / Neurons"; Biology_icon[image="Biology.png"];};
    subgraph cluster_Agents {label="Agents / Security"; Agents_icon[image="Agents.png"];};
    subgraph cluster_Small_World {label="The Small World Project"; Small_World_icon[image="Small_World.png"];};
    subgraph cluster_Social_Networks {label="Social Networks"; Social_Networks_icon[image="Social_Networks.png"];};
    subgraph cluster_Search_Engines {label="Search Engines"; Search_Engines_icon[image="Search_Engines.png"];};
    subgraph cluster_Turing {label="A. Turing"; Turing_icon[image="Turing.png"];};
    subgraph cluster_Rejewski {label="M. Rejewski"; Rejewski_icon[image="Rejewski.png"];};
    subgraph cluster_Dertouzos {label="M. Dertouzos"; Dertouzos_icon[image="Dertouzos.png"];};
    subgraph cluster_Berners_Lee {label="T. Berners-Lee"; Berners_Lee_icon[image="Berners_Lee.png"];};


    /* Relationships */
    Agents_icon -> {AI_icon Semantic_Web_icon};
    AI_icon -> {Agents_icon Automata_icon Chaos_icon};
    Automata_icon -> {AI_icon Computers_icon};
    Berners_Lee_icon -> Semantic_Web_icon;
    Biology_icon -> {AI_icon Chaos_icon Small_World_icon};
    Chaos_icon -> {AI_icon Biology_icon Computers_icon Semantic_Web_icon};
    Computers_icon -> {Chaos_icon Search_Engines_icon Semantic_Web_icon XML_icon};
    Cryptography_icon -> {Computers_icon Semantic_Web_icon};
    Dertouzos_icon -> {Berners_Lee_icon Computers_icon};
    Ontology_icon -> Semantic_Web_icon;
    Rejewski_icon -> {Cryptography_icon Turing_icon};
    Search_Engines_icon -> Semantic_Web_icon;
    Semantic_Web_icon -> {Agents_icon Computers_icon};
    Small_World_icon -> {Agents_icon Biology_icon Chaos_icon};
    Social_Networks_icon -> {Biology_icon Small_World_icon};
    Turing_icon -> {Automata_icon Computers_icon Cryptography_icon};
    XML_icon -> {Computers_icon Semantic_Web_icon};

    fontsize=28;
    label="From Past to Future...";
}

And that's what it looks like:

Second variant, with rank=same subgraphs uncommented:

这篇关于如何生成具有定制形状的节点?的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！

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