如何将带有换行符的数据从文本文件导入R? [英] How to import data with line breaks from text file into R?

问题描述

我有一个要导入到R的文本文件.问题是，文件看起来像这样:

I have a text file that I'd like to import into R. Problem is, the file looks like this:

x1,x2,x3,x4,x5,x6,x7,x8,x9,10,x11
   1953.00       7.40000       159565.       16.6680       8883.00    
   47.2000       26.7000       16.8000       37.7000       29.7000    
   19.4000    
   1954.00       7.80000       162391.       17.0290       8685.00    
   46.5000       22.7000       18.0000       36.8000       29.7000    
   20.0000

以此类推.

我尝试了> data <- read.table("clipboard", header=TRUE)，但是没有用.

I tried > data <- read.table("clipboard", header=TRUE) but that didn't work.

推荐答案

虽然数据格式不正确，但在以下假设条件下仍可以对其进行解析:

While the data is ill-formed it still can be parsed given the following assumptions:

• 标题定义了多少个变量(结果表中的列)
• 数据本身是完整的-例如没有遗漏的值
• 数据属于统一类型(例如numeric())

以下是用于解析所提供的示例数据的代码，就像从名为data.txt的文本文件中读取该数据一样:

The following is code that parses the provided sample data as if it were read in from a text file called data.txt:

# read in the header and split on ","
header = strsplit(readLines('data.txt', n=1), ',')[[1]]

# the length of the header determines how many variables there are

# read in the data which appears to have the pattern
#   <numbers><whitespace><numbers>...
# skipping the first line since it was already parsed as the header
data = scan('data.txt', skip=1, what=numeric())

# reform the data (which is read in as a 1D numeric vector) into a 2D matrix
# with the same number of columns as there are headers (filling by rows).
# header names are assigned via the `dimnames=` argument
data = matrix(data, ncol=length(header), byrow=T, dimnames=list(NULL, header))

产生以下输出:

       x1  x2     x3     x4   x5   x6   x7   x8   x9  x10  x11
[1,] 1953 7.4 159565 16.668 8883 47.2 26.7 16.8 37.7 29.7 19.4
[2,] 1954 7.8 162391 17.029 8685 46.5 22.7 18.0 36.8 29.7 20.0

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