定制测量单位 [英] Custom measurement unit

问题描述

在iOS 10中，Apple引入了一些量化测量的组件.例如:

In iOS 10, Apple introduced several components for quantifying measurements. For example:

let velocity = Measurement(value: 3, unit: UnitSpeed.metersPerSecond)

尽管很冗长，但好处是您可以转换为任何其他单元，而无需进行容易出错的内联计算:

Although verbose, the benefits are that you can convert to any other unit without error prone in-line calculations:

// before
let velocityMetersPerSecond = 3.0
let velocityKilometersPerHour = velocityMetersPerSecond * 1000 / 60

// after
let velocityKilometersPerHour = velocity.converted(to: .kilometersPerHour)

尽管Apple直接支持许多设备，但我需要一个他们不支持的设备.但是，Apple确实考虑了可扩展性，而引入新指标的方法之一是扩展Unit类:

While Apple supports many units straight out of the box, I have a need for a unit that they don't support. Apple did have extensibility in mind however, and one of the ways to introduce a new metric is by extending the Unit class:

extension UnitSpeed {
  static let furlongPerFornight = 
    UnitSpeed(symbol: "fur/ftn", converter: UnitConverterLinear(coefficient: 
      201.168 / 1209600.0)
}

我需要从meters/second中的源到min/km单位的速度.以下是转换的工作原理:

I need the speed from the source in meters/second to units of min/km. The following math below is how the conversion works:

min / km = 1 / (m / s) * 1000 / 60

我遇到的麻烦是如何将源值的乘法逆(或倒数)表达为转换.这是一个错误的版本:

The trouble I'm having is how to express the multiplicative inverse (or reciprocal) of the source value into the conversion. Here's a erroneous version:

extension UnitSpeed {
  // still missing 1 / source value!
  static let minutesPerKilometer = UnitSpeed(symbol: "min/km",
    UnitConverterLinear(coefficient: 1000.0 / 60.0)
}

推荐答案

由于转换不是线性的，因此您将需要创建自己的UnitConverter子类:

Since the conversion is not linear, you will need to create your own UnitConverter subclass:

class UnitConverterInverse: UnitConverter {
    var coefficient: Double

    init(coefficient: Double) {
        self.coefficient = coefficient
    }

    override func baseUnitValue(fromValue value: Double) -> Double {
        return coefficient / value
    }

    override func value(fromBaseUnitValue baseUnitValue: Double) -> Double {
        return coefficient / baseUnitValue
    }
}

extension UnitSpeed {
    static let minutesPerKilometer = UnitSpeed(symbol: "min/km",
        converter: UnitConverterInverse(coefficient: 1000.0 / 60.0))
}

let velocity = Measurement(value: 60, unit: UnitSpeed.milesPerHour)

let velocity2 = velocity.converted(to: .minutesPerKilometer)

print(velocity2)

0.621371192237334 min/km

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