在setInterval中使用React状态挂钩时状态未更新 [英] State not updating when using React state hook within setInterval

问题描述

我正在尝试新的反应钩子，并且有一个带有计数器应该每秒增加.但是，该值不会增加到超过一.

I'm trying out the new React Hooks and have a Clock component with a counter which is supposed to increase every second. However, the value does not increase beyond one.

function Clock() {
  const [time, setTime] = React.useState(0);
  React.useEffect(() => {
    const timer = window.setInterval(() => {
      setTime(time + 1);
    }, 1000);
    return () => {
      window.clearInterval(timer);
    };
  }, []);

  return (
    <div>Seconds: {time}</div>
  );
}

ReactDOM.render(<Clock />, document.querySelector('#app'));

<script src="https://unpkg.com/react@16.7.0-alpha.0/umd/react.development.js"></script>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/react-dom@16.7.0-alpha.0/umd/react-dom.development.js"></script>

<div id="app"></div>

推荐答案

原因是因为传递给setInterval的闭包的回调仅访问第一个渲染器中的time变量，它无权访问新的time值在后续渲染中显示，因为useEffect()不会第二次调用.

The reason is because the callback passed into setInterval's closure only accesses the time variable in the first render, it doesn't have access to the new time value in the subsequent render because the useEffect() is not invoked the second time.

time在setInterval回调中始终为0.

就像您熟悉的setState一样，状态挂钩有两种形式:一种是采用更新状态的形式，另一种是将当前状态传入的回调形式.您应该使用第二种形式并阅读最新的形式setState回调中的状态值，以确保在递增之前具有最新的状态值.

Like the setState you are familiar with, state hooks have two forms: one where it takes in the updated state, and the callback form which the current state is passed in. You should use the second form and read the latest state value within the setState callback to ensure that you have the latest state value before incrementing it.

奖金:替代方法

Dan Abramov在他的

Dan Abramov, goes in-depth into the topic about using setInterval with hooks in his blog post and provides alternative ways around this issue. Highly recommend reading it!

function Clock() {
  const [time, setTime] = React.useState(0);
  React.useEffect(() => {
    const timer = window.setInterval(() => {
      setTime(prevTime => prevTime + 1); // <-- Change this line!
    }, 1000);
    return () => {
      window.clearInterval(timer);
    };
  }, []);

  return (
    <div>Seconds: {time}</div>
  );
}

ReactDOM.render(<Clock />, document.querySelector('#app'));

<script src="https://unpkg.com/react@16.7.0-alpha.0/umd/react.development.js"></script>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/react-dom@16.7.0-alpha.0/umd/react-dom.development.js"></script>

<div id="app"></div>

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