如何在JPanel中使用Swing计时器 [英] How to use a swing Timer with JPanel

问题描述

我非常确定我了解摆动计时器的工作原理，只是无法弄清楚如何在代码中应用它.在我的代码中应用它的方式不允许它绘制，因为Graphics g不在其范围内.

I'm fairly sure I understand how a swing timer works, I just cannot figure out how to apply it in my code. The way I apply it in my code doesn't allow it to draw because Graphics g is outside of its scope.

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;

public class JayFrame extends JFrame
{
  public JayFrame()
  {
    super("My Frame");
    setContentPane(new DrawPane());
    setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    setSize(1200, 675);
    setResizable(false);
    setVisible(true);
  }

  class DrawPane extends JPanel
  {
    Timer timer = new Timer(1000, new MyTimer());

    public void paintComponent(Graphics g)
    {
      //Paint stuff
      super.paintComponent(g);

      timer.start();

      for(int i = 0; i < 1000; i += 110)
      {
        g.fillRect(i, 10, 100, 100);

        try{Thread.sleep(100);}
        catch(InterruptedException ie){}
      }

      timer.stop();
    }
  }

  class MyTimer implements ActionListener
  {
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
    {
      //Loop stuff
      repaint();
    }
  }

  public static void main(String[] args)
  {
    new JayFrame();
  }
}

我已经更新了代码以显示我认为应该起作用的代码，但是没有.因此，我可能对摆动计时器的理解确实有误.

I have updated the code to show what I think should work, but does not. So I probably do have a flawed understanding of swing timers.

推荐答案

• 不要在paintComponent方法中调用timer.start();和/或timer.stop()，这毫无意义，绘画可能出于多种原因发生，而您却无法控制. /li>
• 不要在您的paintComponent中调用Thread.sleep，这就是拥有Timer的关键所在.您只是在阻止Swing更新屏幕或处理任何新事件
• Don't call timer.start(); and/or timer.stop() in the paintComponent method, this makes no sense what so ever, painting may occur for any number of reasons, my of which you have no control over.
• Don't call Thread.sleep in your paintComponent, that's the point of have the Timer. You're just preventing Swing from updating the screen or process any new events

Timer充当伪循环，在Timer的每次迭代中，您都会更新一些状态，检查一些退出条件，然后对应该发生的事情做出决定.

Timer acts as a psudo loop, on each iteration of the Timer, you update some state, check some exit condition and make your decisions about what should happen.

paintComponent仅绘制当前状态.

例如:

import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.Timer;
import javax.swing.UIManager;
import javax.swing.UnsupportedLookAndFeelException;

public class JayFrame extends JFrame {

    public JayFrame() {
        super("My Frame");
        setContentPane(new DrawPane());
        setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        setSize(1200, 675);
        setResizable(false);
        setVisible(true);
    }

    class DrawPane extends JPanel {

        private int x = 0;

        public DrawPane() {
            Timer timer = new Timer(1000, new ActionListener() {
                @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                    x += 110;
                    if (x >= 1000) {
                        x = 1000;
                        ((Timer)e.getSource()).stop();
                    }
                    repaint();
                }
            });
            timer.start();
        }

        public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
            //Paint stuff
            super.paintComponent(g);

            g.fillRect(x, 10, 100, 100);
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName());
                } catch (ClassNotFoundException | InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) {
                    ex.printStackTrace();
                }

                new JayFrame();
            }
        });
    }
}

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