如何使用junit5和testcontainer测试存储库? [英] How to test repository with junit5 and testcontainers?

问题描述

我有一个示例项目，其中我尝试了不同的技术.

I have a sample project in which I experiment with different technologies.

我有以下设置:

• Spring Boot 2.3.4.RELEASE
• Flyway 7.0.1
• 测试容器1.15.0-rc2
• Junit 5.7.0

如何使用testcontainer-junit5测试存储库层?

How can I test the Repository layer with testcontainer-junit5?

我现在为CompanyRepositoryTest.java提供的代码示例:

Example of code I have now for CompanyRepositoryTest.java:

@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@Testcontainers
public class CompanyRepositoryTest {

    @Autowired
    private CompanyRepository companyRepository;

    @Container
    public MySQLContainer mysqlContainer = new MySQLContainer()
            .withDatabaseName("foo")
            .withUsername("foo")
            .withPassword("secret");;

    
    @Test
    public void whenFindByIdExecuted_thenNullReturned()
            throws Exception {
        assertEquals(companyRepository.findById(1L), Optional.ofNullable(null));
    }

    @Test
    public void whenFindAllExecuted_thenEmptyListReturned() {
        assertEquals(companyRepository.findAll(), new ArrayList<>());
    }
}

添加@SpringBootTest时，我需要设置所有上下文并遇到一些应用程序加载上下文问题吗?

When I add @SpringBootTest, I need to set up all the context and have some Application load context issues?

问题是，任何人都可以揭开@TestContainers注释的作用吗?在测试存储库时，最佳做法是什么或正确使用它?

The question is, can anyone demystify what @TestContainers annotation does? What is the best practice or correct to use it while testing the Repository?

推荐答案

JUnit 5扩展@Testcontainers批注提供的a>扫描使用@Container批注声明的所有容器，然后启动和停止这些容器以进行测试.容器作为静态字段将与所有测试共享，并且容器(作为实例字段)将在每个测试中启动和停止.

The JUnit 5 extension provided by the @Testcontainers annotation scans for any containers declared with the @Container annotation, and then starts and stops the those containers for your tests. Containers as static fields will be shared with all tests, and containers as instance fields will be started and stopped for every test.

如果您使用的是Spring Boot，则为测试设置测试容器的最简单方法可能是在application-test.yml中提供属性.这将使用数据源JDBC URL来启动testcontainers容器.有关更多信息，请参考Testcontainers JDBC支持.

If you are using Spring Boot, the easiest way to setup testcontainers for your tests is probably to provide properties in application-test.yml. This will use the datasource JDBC URL to launch the testcontainers container. Refer to Testcontainers JDBC support for more information.

您还可以使用@DataJpaTest而不是@SpringBootTest来仅测试存储库层:

You can also test just the repository layer by using @DataJpaTest instead of @SpringBootTest:

@DataJpaTest
@AutoConfigureTestDatabase(replace = AutoConfigureTestDatabase.Replace.NONE)
@ActiveProfiles("test")
class CompanyRepositoryTest { }

您的application-test.yml文件:

spring:
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:tc:mysql:8.0://hostname/databasename
    driver-class-name: org.testcontainers.jdbc.ContainerDatabaseDriver

在某些情况下，您可能还想使用@TestPropertySource注释:

In some cases you might also want to use the @TestPropertySource annotation instead:

@DataJpaTest
@AutoConfigureTestDatabase(replace = AutoConfigureTestDatabase.Replace.NONE)
@TestPropertySource(
    properties = {
        "spring.datasource.url = jdbc:tc:mysql:8.0://hostname/test-database",
        "spring.datasource.driver-class-name = org.testcontainers.jdbc.ContainerDatabaseDriver"
    }
)
class CompanyRepositoryTest { }

请注意，hostname和test-database实际上并没有在任何地方使用.

Please note that the hostname and test-database are not actually used anywhere.

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