如何在屏幕上显示游戏? [英] How to display game on the screen?

问题描述

我正在尝试使用开始菜单制作一个kivy应用程序，但是我无法在第二个屏幕上显示Pong Game.我应该如何参考游戏使其可见?我尝试并搜索，但找不到任何东西.我100％确信PongGame可以正常工作，但我不能显示它.如果有人可以向我展示如何做到这一点，那就太好了.

I'm trying to make an kivy app with starting menu, but I can't display my Pong Game on the second screen. How should I refer to the game to make it visible? I tried and searched but can't find anything. I'm 100% sure that PongGame work corectly, I just can't display it. It would be great if someone could show me how to do it corectly.

Main.py:

from kivy.app import App
from kivy.uix.screenmanager import ScreenManager, Screen, WipeTransition
from kivy.properties import ObjectProperty
from kivy.uix.widget import Widget
from kivy.properties import NumericProperty, ReferenceListProperty,\
    ObjectProperty
from kivy.vector import Vector
from kivy.clock import Clock
from kivy.uix.popup import Popup
from kivy.uix.label import Label

class PongPaddle(Widget):
    score = NumericProperty(0)

    def bounce_ball(self, ball):
        if self.collide_widget(ball):
            vx, vy = ball.velocity
            offset = (ball.center_y - self.center_y) / (self.height / 2)
            bounced = Vector(-1 * vx, vy)
            vel = bounced * 1.1
            ball.velocity = vel.x, vel.y + offset


class PongBall(Widget):
    velocity_x = NumericProperty(0)
    velocity_y = NumericProperty(0)
    velocity = ReferenceListProperty(velocity_x, velocity_y)

    def move(self):
        self.pos = Vector(*self.velocity) + self.pos


class PongGame(Widget):
    ball = ObjectProperty(None)
    player1 = ObjectProperty(None)
    player2 = ObjectProperty(None)

    def serve_ball(self, vel=(4, 0)):
        self.ball.center = self.center
        self.ball.velocity = vel

    def update(self, dt):
        self.ball.move()

        #bounce of paddles
        self.player1.bounce_ball(self.ball)
        self.player2.bounce_ball(self.ball)

        #bounce ball off bottom or top
        if (self.ball.y < self.y) or (self.ball.top > self.top):
            self.ball.velocity_y *= -1

        #went of to a side to score point?
        if self.ball.x < self.x:
            self.player2.score += 1
            self.serve_ball(vel=(4, 0))

        if self.ball.x > self.width:
            self.player1.score += 1
            self.serve_ball(vel=(-4, 0))
            if self.player1.score == 10:
                popup = Popup(title='Test popup', content=Label(text='Hello world'), auto_dismiss=False)
                return popup
    def on_touch_move(self, touch):
        if touch.x < self.width / 3:
            self.player1.center_y = touch.y
        if touch.x > self.width - self.width / 3:
            self.player2.center_y = touch.y


class ScreenThree(Screen):
    pass

class ScreenTwo(Screen):
    pass

class ScreenOne(Screen):
    pass

class Manager(ScreenManager):

    screen_one = ObjectProperty(None)
    screen_two = ObjectProperty(None)
    screen_three = ObjectProperty(None)

class ScreensApp(App):

    def build(self):
        m = Manager(transition=WipeTransition())
        return m

if __name__ == '__main__':
    ScreensApp().run()

screen.kv:

screen.kv:

<PongBall>:
    size: 50, 50
    canvas:
        Ellipse:
            pos: self.pos
            size: self.size

<PongPaddle>:
    size: 25, 200
    canvas:
        Rectangle:
            pos:self.pos
            size:self.size

<PongGame>:
    ball: pong_ball
    player1: player_left
    player2: player_right

    canvas:
        Rectangle:
            pos: self.center_x-5, 0
            size: 10, self.height

    Label:
        font_size: 70
        center_x: root.width / 4
        top: root.top - 50
        text: str(root.player1.score)

    Label:
        font_size: 70
        center_x: root.width * 3 / 4
        top: root.top - 50
        text: str(root.player2.score)

    PongBall:
        id: pong_ball
        center: self.parent.center

    PongPaddle:
        id: player_left
        x: root.x
        center_y: root.center_y

    PongPaddle:
        id: player_right
        x: root.width-self.width
        center_y: root.center_y

<ScreenOne>:
    Button:
        text: "Screen 1 >> Screen 2"
        on_press: root.manager.current = 'screen2'
<ScreenTwo>:
        def build(self):
            game = PongGame()
            game.serve_ball()
            Clock.schedule_interval(game.update, 1.0 / 60.0)
            return game

<ScreenThree>:
    Button:
        text: "Screen 3 >> Screen 1"
        on_press: root.manager.current = 'screen1'


<Manager>:
    id: screen_manager

    screen_one: screen_one
    screen_two: screen_two
    screen_three: screen_three

    ScreenOne:
        id: screen_one
        name: 'screen1'
        manager: screen_manager

    ScreenTwo:
        id: screen_two
        name: 'screen2'
        manager: screen_manager

    ScreenThree:
        id: screen_three
        name: 'screen3'
        manager: screen_manager

推荐答案

好！您的程序中有很多错误，我不得不做很多改进. (我是初学者，所以我理解)

Well! there were a lot of errors in your program and I had to make ton's of improvement. (I understand it as you are beginner)

首先，请阅读完整的猕猴桃语言文档，可以清楚地看到，您无需掌握基础知识即可直接开始进行编码. 您可能会制作几款出色的游戏，但从长远来看，您将面临无法明确概念无法解决的问题. 不幸的是，您将无法发现 kivy 的真正威力. :)

First of all, please read complete kivy language documentation, as I can clearly see that you directly started with coding without grasping the basics. You may make couple of good games but in the long run you will face such problems which can't be solved without clear concepts. And unfortunately you won't be able to discover the true power of kivy. :)

您可能还想对python概念进行修订.

You might also wanna do revision of your python concepts.

有些改进不值得一提，但很重要，阅读代码后您会有所了解.

Some improvements aren't worth mentioning but were important, you will get an idea when you read the code.

改进1:

如果在build()上返回窗口小部件，或者设置了self.root，则可以构建应用程序(但是不能再次使该应用程序成为n). 就像您在这里所做的一样:

An application can be built if you return a widget on build(), or if you set self.root.(But you cannot make the application again n again) as you did here:

<ScreenTwo>:
    def build(self):
        game = PongGame()
        game.serve_ball()
        Clock.schedule_interval(game.update, 1.0 / 60.0)
        return game

改进2:

点击屏幕游戏的打乒乓球按钮.您的比赛始于发球.

As you click on button play ping pong which is of screen game. your game starts with serve of ball.

on_release: root.current = 'game';game.serve_ball()

(用于知识)

如果仍然出现黑屏，则可能要检查kivy文件的名称，为此，您可以转到kivy文档或

If you still get black screen you might want to check the name of kivy file, for that you could either go to kivy documentation or this link

 class PongPaddle(Widget):
    score = NumericProperty(0)

    def bounce_ball(self, ball):
        if self.collide_widget(ball):
            vx, vy = ball.velocity
            offset = (ball.center_y - self.center_y) / (self.height / 2)
            bounced = Vector(-1 * vx, vy)
            vel = bounced * 1.1
            ball.velocity = vel.x, vel.y + offset


class PongBall(Widget):
    velocity_x = NumericProperty(0)
    velocity_y = NumericProperty(0)
    velocity = ReferenceListProperty(velocity_x, velocity_y)

    def move(self):
        self.pos = Vector(*self.velocity) + self.pos


class PongGame(Widget):
    ball = ObjectProperty(None)
    player1 = ObjectProperty(None)
    player2 = ObjectProperty(None)

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super(PongGame, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        Clock.schedule_interval(self.update, 1.0 / 60.0)

    def serve_ball(self, vel=(4, 0)):
        self.ball.center = self.center
        self.ball.velocity = vel

    def update(self, dt):
        self.ball.move()

        #bounce of paddles
        self.player1.bounce_ball(self.ball)
        self.player2.bounce_ball(self.ball)

    #bounce ball off bottom or top
        if (self.ball.y < self.y) or (self.ball.top > self.top):
        self.ball.velocity_y *= -1

    #went of to a side to score point?
        if self.ball.x < self.x:
            self.player2.score += 1
            self.serve_ball(vel=(4, 0))
        if self.ball.x > self.width:
            self.player1.score += 1
            self.serve_ball(vel=(-4, 0))

    def on_touch_move(self, touch):
        if touch.x < self.width / 3:
            self.player1.center_y = touch.y
        if touch.x > self.width - self.width / 3:
            self.player2.center_y = touch.y

class Manager(ScreenManager):
    pass

class ScreensApp(App):
    def build(self):
        self.load_kv('t6.kv')
        return Manager(transition=WipeTransition())

if __name__ == '__main__':
    ScreensApp().run()

这是kv文件.

<PongBall>:
    size: 50, 50
    canvas:
        Ellipse:
            pos: self.pos
            size: self.size

<PongPaddle>:
    size: 25, 200
    canvas:
        Rectangle:
            pos:self.pos
            size:self.size

<PongGame>:
    ball: pong_ball
    player1: player_left
    player2: player_right

    canvas:
        Rectangle:
            pos: self.center_x-5, 0
            size: 10, self.height

    Label:
        font_size: 70
        center_x: root.width / 4
        top: root.top - 50
        text: str(root.player1.score)

    Label:
        font_size: 70
        center_x: root.width * 3 / 4
        top: root.top - 50
        text: str(root.player2.score)

    PongBall:
        id: pong_ball
        center: self.parent.center

    PongPaddle:
        id: player_left
        x: root.x
        center_y: root.center_y

    PongPaddle:
        id: player_right
        x: root.width-self.width
        center_y: root.center_y

<Manager>:
    id: screen_manager


    Screen:
        name: 'home'
        Button:
            text: 'Play Ping Pong'
            halign: 'center'
            valign: 'middle'
            font_size: 100
            text_size: self.size
            on_release: root.current = 'game';game.serve_ball()

    Screen:
        name: 'game'
        PongGame:
            id: game

这篇关于如何在屏幕上显示游戏?的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！