Kubernetes-无法从Spring应用程序连接到mysql [英] Kubernetes -- unable to connect to mysql from spring application

问题描述

我有kubernetes集群.我已经从kubectl启动了mysql.我有一个春季启动应用程序的图像.我对application.yml中使用的JDBC URL感到困惑.我已经通过描述容器，服务等尝试了多个IP地址.它因"通信链接失败"

I have kubernetes cluster. I have started mysql from kubectl. I have a image of spring boot application. I am confused with the JDBC url to be used in application.yml. I have tried multiple IP addresses by describing pods, services etc. It is getting errored out with "communication Link failure"

下面是我的mysql-deployment.yml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: mysql
spec:
  #type: NodePort
  ports:
  - port: 3306
    #targetPort: 3306
    #nodePort: 31000
  selector:
    app: mysql
  clusterIP: None
---
apiVersion: v1    
kind: Secret
metadata:
  name: mysql-secret
type: Opaque
data:
  MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: cGFzc3dvcmQ= #password
  MYSQL_DATABASE: dGVzdA== #test
  MYSQL_USER: dGVzdHVzZXI= #testuser
  MYSQL_PASSWORD: dGVzdDEyMw== #test123
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: mysql-pv-claim
spec:
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteOnce
  resources:
    requests:
      storage: 5Gi
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: mysql
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: mysql
  strategy:
    type: Recreate
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: mysql
    spec:
      containers:
      - image: mysql:5.7
        name: mysql
        env:
          # Use secret in real usage
        - name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD
          valueFrom:
              secretKeyRef:
                name: mysql-secret
                key: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD
        - name: MYSQL_DATABASE
          valueFrom:
              secretKeyRef:
                name: mysql-secret
                key: MYSQL_DATABASE
        - name: MYSQL_USER
          valueFrom:
              secretKeyRef:
                name: mysql-secret
                key: MYSQL_USER
        - name: MYSQL_PASSWORD
          valueFrom:
              secretKeyRef:
                name: mysql-secret
                key: MYSQL_PASSWORD          
        ports:
        - containerPort: 3306
          name: mysql
        volumeMounts:
        - name: mysql-persistent-storage
          mountPath: /var/lib/mysql
      volumes:
      - name: mysql-persistent-storage
        persistentVolumeClaim:
          claimName: mysql-pv-claim

推荐答案

您的K8S服务应公开端口和targetPort 3306，并在JDBC URL中使用该服务的名称: jdbc:mysql://mysql/database

Your K8S service should expose port and targetPort 3306 and in your JDBC URL use the name of that service: jdbc:mysql://mysql/database

如果您的MySQL是仅用于在K8S中运行的应用程序的后端服务，则不需要在服务清单中使用nodePort.

If your MySQL is a backend service only for apps running in K8S you don't need nodePort in the service manifest.

如果获得SQLException: Connection refused或Connection timed out或特定于MySQL的CommunicationsException: Communications link failure，则表明该数据库根本无法访问.

If you get a SQLException: Connection refused or Connection timed out or a MySQL specific CommunicationsException: Communications link failure, then it means that the DB isn't reachable at all.

这可能有以下一种或多种原因:

This can have one or more of the following causes:

• JDBC URL中的IP地址或主机名错误.

• IP address or hostname in JDBC URL is wrong.

本地DNS服务器无法识别JDBC URL中的主机名.

Hostname in JDBC URL is not recognized by local DNS server.

JDBC URL中的端口号丢失或错误.

Port number is missing or wrong in JDBC URL.

数据库服务器已关闭.

数据库服务器不接受TCP/IP连接.

DB server doesn't accept TCP/IP connections.

数据库服务器已用尽连接.

DB server has run out of connections.

Java和DB之间的某种情况正在阻止连接，例如防火墙或代理.

Something in between Java and DB is blocking connections, e.g. a firewall or proxy. 

我建议采取以下步骤来更好地理解问题:

I suggest these steps to better understand the problem:

• 连接到MySQL pod并验证 /etc/mysql/my.cnf文件

• Connect to MySQL pod and verify the content of the /etc/mysql/my.cnf file

从pod内连接到MySQL以验证其是否有效

Connect to MySQL from inside the pod to verify it works

从服务清单中删除clusterIP: None

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